fix(sandbox): isolate Windows temp capabilities

This commit is contained in:
Tianyi Cui
2026-08-10 15:31:38 +08:00
parent 9a3c89d04a
commit fd650af340
30 changed files with 744 additions and 596 deletions

View File

@@ -2,5 +2,5 @@
# side as of the last confirmed-consistent state. Both languages carry equal authority;
# after editing either side, bring the other along and re-record with:
# pnpm run verify-translation-pairing --write .agents/notes/implemented/feature/2026-08-08-windows-acl-restricted-token-sandbox.md
2026-08-08-windows-acl-restricted-token-sandbox.md: 0680fb3a9b7aac5793c0b275f6db5257c27b81da
2026-08-08-windows-acl-restricted-token-sandbox.zh.md: 611172d2b5502a7f45233c62a9848c9b2491c53b
2026-08-08-windows-acl-restricted-token-sandbox.md: 60db72042d7924b90423aac37f7360e317b991ca
2026-08-08-windows-acl-restricted-token-sandbox.zh.md: 10b2c78accbd70610d8e0a29f76fedbb713ccc06

View File

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ The [sandbox decision](2026-07-06-sandbox.md) leaves `PLATFORM_CHAINS.win32` emp
## Decision
Implement the rung directly on the raw ACL mechanism: duplicate the caller's token into a `WRITE_RESTRICTED` token (`CreateRestrictedToken` with `WRITE_RESTRICTED` + `DISABLE_MAX_PRIVILEGE` + `LUA_TOKEN`) whose restricting SIDs include a write SID (`S-1-4-x-y`); the write SID's Write ACEs on the workspace and temp roots are the primary write allowlist, because `WRITE_RESTRICTED` intersects write accesses only and reads keep the caller's full ambient access. The mechanism is the one huoyaoyuan/windows-acl-restrict-poc (`10e4dfb`) demonstrates; this port checks every API call and fails closed (the POC fail-opened on every ignored return value). The write SID is the PER-WORKSPACE identity, derived deterministically from the canonical workspace path (`workspaceWriteSid` — sha256 → `S-1-4-x-y`) and stored NOWHERE: the workspace-root ACE therefore materializes once per workspace per machine — the standing ACE is the cross-session reuse cache, and every later provision hits the exact-ACE skip (idempotent re-grant skips the eager full-tree re-propagation — no garbage collection) — instead of once per session, which is what the earlier per-session random SID paid a full tree propagation per session for. The seam derives the session's PRIVATE temp subdirectory from the session id + workspace (sha256, 16 hex — stored nowhere, so no tamper surface exists) and creates it exclusively; it is removed on provider dispose, and a crash leaves it as `%TEMP%` litter whose next resume fails loudly at the exclusive creation until temp hygiene reclaims it. The seam materializes the workspace ACE STANDING (never revoked — the cache) and the temp ACE REVOCABLY (revoked on provider dispose, so an inheritable ACE never outlives its session's temp directory on the ambient temp root). The token's restricting list is the keep-alive group plus the write SID only under workspace-write: read-only = [logon SID, Everyone] and workspace-write = [logon SID, Everyone, write SID]. The keep-alive invariants are logon SID + Everyone (early DLL init dies with 0xC0000142 and CNG crashes pwsh with 0xE0434352 without them). Because Everyone remains a restricting SID, an external object that grants Everyone write access clears both checks; because NTFS ACLs belong to file objects, a granted workspace hard link also grants an external alias. Rejecting all hard links would reject ordinary pnpm workspaces, so the provider reports `enforcement: 'partial'` and the native runner suite pins both gaps. Read-only carries no workspace write SID: a standing grant ACE from an earlier workspace-write period stays INERT (the pass-2 check grants only what the restricting list carries, so read-only adds no writable root across a `/permission` downgrade or a crash-resumed session, while the standing ACE keeps the re-upgrade free). Authenticated Users is absent from BOTH lists — the WMI namespace security check fails (0x80041003), so CIM is unavailable in every confined mode, and the C:\-root tree-creation escape (standing `AU:(AD)` + `AU:(OI)(CI)(IO)(M)` ACEs) is closed in both; INTERACTIVE/LOCAL are likewise absent from both (the Public tree writes are denied — pinned by the runner's Public-probe regression). Workspace-write children see a PRIVATE per-session temp subdirectory (`<temp>\dsh-<16 hex>` derived from the session id + workspace — created exclusively, reparse points rejected, removed on provider dispose — TMP/TEMP rewritten by the runner — bwrap `--tmpfs /tmp` semantics). The restricted token's DEFAULT DACL is extended with a full-access write-SID ACE (`SetTokenInformation(TokenDefaultDacl)`): new objects created without an explicit security descriptor (anonymous pipes — CreatePipe, sync objects) then carry a restricting-SID ACE and pass the write pass-2 check at creation; NAMED pipes are exempt — their default security descriptor is the Win32 layer's user-mode default SD template (built by KernelBase — owner/SYSTEM/Admins full, Everyone/ANONYMOUS read-only), which the token cannot influence, so piped stdio capture stays denied for confined grandchildren (the POC-documented boundary, pinned by the runner suite). It ships as [`@deepseek-ai/dsh-sandbox-windows-acl`](../../../../packages/sandbox/sandbox-windows-acl/README.md) (backend plus the `./runner` argv-prefix entry), the `win32` chain rung of [`dsh-sandbox-local`](../../../../packages/sandbox/sandbox-local/README.md), and [`@deepseek-ai/dsh-pwsh-sandbox`](../../../../packages/bash/pwsh-sandbox/README.md) as the confining executor; the Windows platform layer re-enables the full permission surface (sandbox/sandbox-policy/permission/approval/fs-sandbox) over the confined pwsh stack.
Implement the rung directly on the raw ACL mechanism: duplicate the caller's token into a `WRITE_RESTRICTED` token (`CreateRestrictedToken` with `WRITE_RESTRICTED` + `DISABLE_MAX_PRIVILEGE` + `LUA_TOKEN`) whose restricting SIDs carry distinct workspace and private-temp capabilities. `WRITE_RESTRICTED` intersects write accesses only, so reads keep the caller's ambient access while a write must also match one of these capability ACEs. The mechanism is the one huoyaoyuan/windows-acl-restrict-poc (`10e4dfb`) demonstrates; this port checks every API call and fails closed (the POC fail-opened on ignored failures). The per-workspace SID is derived deterministically from the canonical workspace path (`workspaceWriteSid` — sha256 → `S-1-4-x-y`); its standing workspace ACE is the cross-session reuse cache, and an exact-ACE skip prevents repeated eager tree propagation. Each live session/workspace pair instead gets a random private temp directory and a domain-separated SID derived from that path (`tempWriteSid`); its ACE is revocable, TMP/TEMP point at that directory, and the token default DACL names the temp SID so newly created temp objects do not acquire the shared workspace capability. A fork therefore cannot write its sibling's temp tree. A fresh provider chooses a new path and SID even for the same resumed session, so crash residue is inert litter rather than a collision or inherited capability; agentless calls create and remove the same shape per invocation. The ambient temp root is never an implicit grant. PowerShell can complete its startup AppLocker probe through this private-temp capability, so `workspace-write` remains FullLanguage absent a host-wide policy; `read-only` cannot create the probe files and conservatively enters ConstrainedLanguage. That split is PowerShell startup behavior, not part of the ACL boundary. The token lists are read-only = [logon SID, Everyone] and workspace-write = [logon SID, Everyone, workspace SID, optional temp SID]. Logon SID + Everyone are keep-alive invariants (early DLL init dies with 0xC0000142 and CNG crashes pwsh with 0xE0434352 without them). Because Everyone remains, an external object granting Everyone write access clears both checks; because NTFS ACLs belong to file objects, a granted workspace hard link also grants an external alias. Rejecting all hard links would reject ordinary pnpm workspaces, so the provider reports `enforcement: 'partial'` and the native suite pins both gaps. Read-only carries no capability SID, so standing workspace ACEs remain inert across a mode downgrade. Authenticated Users is absent from both lists — CIM is unavailable, closing the C:\-root tree-creation escape — and INTERACTIVE/LOCAL are absent, denying Public-tree writes. New anonymous pipes and sync objects inherit the temp SID (or workspace SID when temp is disabled, Everyone under read-only) through `SetTokenInformation(TokenDefaultDacl)`; named pipes keep the Win32 layer's owner/SYSTEM/Admins-full, Everyone/ANONYMOUS-read-only template, so piped grandchild stdio remains denied. It ships as [`@deepseek-ai/dsh-sandbox-windows-acl`](../../../../packages/sandbox/sandbox-windows-acl/README.md), the `win32` rung of [`dsh-sandbox-local`](../../../../packages/sandbox/sandbox-local/README.md), and [`@deepseek-ai/dsh-pwsh-sandbox`](../../../../packages/bash/pwsh-sandbox/README.md) as the confining executor.
## How the restriction works (why no new identity)
@@ -32,11 +32,11 @@ The [landstrip evaluation](../../rejected/feature/2026-07-26-evaluate-landstrip-
## Consequences
Bought: write-only confinement with no new OS floor (`CreateRestrictedToken` predates the mxc releases by two decades), reads/network/process visibility untouched exactly as the mode vocabulary requires, and fail-closed errors carrying the API name and the exact Win32 code. Cost: enforcement is structurally partial because Everyone-granted writes and NTFS hard-link aliases cannot be made path-confined by this token shape; no read-side or network isolation; console isolation unavailable (hidden-console children die with `STATUS_DLL_INIT_FAILED`; children share the host console); standing ACE mutations on the granted roots (caller-owned directories; workspace ACEs stand forever by design — the reuse cache, invisible residue when a workspace is renamed — temp ACEs revoked by provider dispose together with the derived private temp directory — a crash leaves both behind and the next resume fails loudly at the exclusive creation until temp hygiene reclaims the directory); grant materialization is an EAGER full-tree propagation (`SetNamedSecurityInfoW` walks every descendant immediately — tens of seconds on large workspaces), paid once per workspace per machine by the per-workspace identity; CIM is unavailable in BOTH confined modes (AuthUsers dropped from both lists — the WMI namespace security check fails, and `Get-ComputerInfo` silently returns incomplete results) as the price of closing the C:\-root tree-creation escape in both; FAT-class (non-ACL) targets outside the granted roots remain writable under both modes (no security descriptors to intersect — a legacy residue treated as unsupported, warn-only, documented in the README); NULL-DACL directories are not identity-preserving under a grant+revoke round-trip (documented edge, the POC shares it); `whoami` and token-inspection cmdlets fail under the restricted token (diagnostic noise, documented); and BOTH confined modes run `pwsh` in ConstrainedLanguage mode — the restricted token trips PowerShell's lockdown detection, so `Add-Type`, non-core .NET statics (`[System.IO.*]::`, `[math]::`), COM objects, and reflection fail with "only core types" errors while `-f` formatting, property access, and core cmdlets/types keep working, and the language mode cannot be lifted back to FullLanguage from inside — taught to the model in the pwsh tool description and documented in the package README's Known Limitations; BOTH confined modes also deny named-pipe opens — libuv's piped-stdio spawns fail with EPERM (the POC-documented "no output redirection" boundary; inherited/ignored stdio and anonymous pipes work) — documented in the package README's Known Limitations and taught to the model in the pwsh tool description.
Bought: write-only confinement with no new OS floor (`CreateRestrictedToken` predates the mxc releases by two decades), reads/network/process visibility untouched exactly as the mode vocabulary requires, and fail-closed errors carrying the API name and exact Win32 code. Sessions share the intentionally standing workspace capability but not their revocable temp capabilities; restart residue cannot block or authorize a resumed session. Cost: enforcement is structurally partial because Everyone-granted writes and NTFS hard-link aliases cannot be path-confined by this token shape; no read-side or network isolation; console isolation unavailable (hidden-console children die with `STATUS_DLL_INIT_FAILED`; children share the host console); standing workspace ACE mutations (the reuse cache, plus inert residue when a workspace is renamed) and random temp litter after an unclean shutdown until OS hygiene reclaims it; EAGER full-tree workspace propagation (`SetNamedSecurityInfoW` walks every descendant immediately — tens of seconds on large workspaces), paid once per workspace per machine; CIM unavailable in both confined modes (Authenticated Users is absent, closing the C:\-root tree-creation escape); FAT-class non-ACL targets still writable; NULL-DACL directories not identity-preserving under a grant/revoke round trip; `whoami` and token-inspection cmdlets failing under the restricted token; read-only pwsh entering ConstrainedLanguage while workspace-write remains FullLanguage absent host policy; and named-pipe opens remaining denied, so libuv piped-stdio grandchildren fail with EPERM while inherited/ignored stdio and anonymous pipes work. The package README owns these operational limits.
## Testing
The product-visible Windows roster flip is win32-only, so the keyless snapshot fixtures — which must replay on macOS/Linux — cannot cover it; the bundle composition specs ([`base.spec.ts`](../../../../packages/bundle/base/tests/base.spec.ts), [`windows-shell.spec.ts`](../../../../apps/cli/tests/windows-shell.spec.ts)) plus the win32 real-runner suites (`packages/sandbox/sandbox-windows-acl/tests/`, `packages/bash/pwsh-sandbox/tests/`) are the substitute evidence, and the CI Windows lane owns the assembled signal. The grant machinery is pinned cross-platform by `packages/sandbox/sandbox-local/tests/acl-grants.spec.ts` (the derived private-temp identity — deterministic per session + workspace, distinct across sessions — one-shot materialization, exclusive temp creation with reparse-point rejection and self-cleanup on failure, clean-restart re-grant of the same derived directory, the standing-vs-revocable lifecycle across dispose and the mode-switch cycle, and the derived-SID argv contract — with the Win32 surface mocked) and on win32 by `workspace-sid.spec.ts` (derivation determinism/shape/distinctness), `grant.spec.ts` (real-DACL materialization: revocable paths revoke on dispose, standing paths survive it), the `acl.spec.ts` idempotent-grant fast-path and standing-ACE-after-dispose contract, the `failure-paths.spec.ts` suspension-orphan regression (AssignProcessToJobObject failure terminates the child), and the `runner.spec.ts` `--write-sid` contract (caller-owned grants, private temp subdir through TMP/TEMP, both-mode CIM-denial probes, the mode-downgrade regression — a standing grant ACE is inert under read-only and effective again on re-upgrade — the ambient-writable Public-probe regression (a C:\Users\Public subdirectory write is denied under both modes), the partial-boundary regressions (external `Everyone:Modify` writes in both modes and a workspace hard link mutating its external file object), and the ConstrainedLanguage pins in both modes, plus the grandchild-stdio matrix pins — inherited/ignored stdio spawns succeed while piped capture is DENIED in both modes). The runner-failure classification is exit-gated on 127 (a confined command that merely prints the `windows-acl-run:` signature on a non-127 exit is never misclassified as "the command did not run" — pinned in the pwsh-sandbox helper suite).
The product-visible Windows roster flip is win32-only, so keyless snapshots that must replay on macOS/Linux cannot cover it; bundle composition specs plus the win32 real-runner suites are the substitute evidence, and the CI Windows lane owns the assembled signal. `sandbox-local/tests/acl-grants.spec.ts` pins random temp allocation, per-session/workspace reuse, fork/workspace separation, crash-resume non-collision, paired argv SIDs, failure cleanup, and standing-versus-revocable lifecycle with Win32 mocked. On Windows, `workspace-sid.spec.ts` pins workspace/temp derivation and domain separation; `acl.spec.ts` pins real DACL lifecycle; and `runner.spec.ts` pins paired-SID validation, sibling temp denial under a shared workspace SID, per-call agentless temp creation/removal, TMP/TEMP rewriting, mode downgrade, Public denial, Everyone/hard-link partial boundaries, mode-specific PowerShell language behavior, and grandchild stdio. ARM64 and emulated x64 native runs own the architecture-specific acceptance evidence.
## Related

View File

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ Status: implemented
## Decision
直接基于原始 ACL 机制实现该档:把调用者令牌复制为 `WRITE_RESTRICTED` 受限令牌(`CreateRestrictedToken`,`WRITE_RESTRICTED` + `DISABLE_MAX_PRIVILEGE` + `LUA_TOKEN`),其 restricting SIDs 中包含写入 SID(`S-1-4-x-y`);工作区与临时目录上写入 SID 的 Write ACE 是主要写入白名单,因为 `WRITE_RESTRICTED` 只对写访问做交集检查,读保持调用者的完整环境访问。该机制来自 huoyaoyuan/windows-acl-restrict-poc(`10e4dfb`)的演示;本移植检查每一个 API 调用并 fail-closed(POC 因忽略返回值而 fail-open)。写入 SID 是**按工作区**的身份,由规范工作区路径确定性派生(`workspaceWriteSid`——sha256 → `S-1-4-x-y`),且**任何地方都不存储**:工作区根目录 ACE 因此每台机器每个工作区只物化一次——常驻 ACE 就是跨会话复用缓存,此后每次供给都命中精确 ACE 跳过(幂等重授权跳过急切的全树重传播——不做垃圾回收)——而不是每会话一次,这正是先前每会话随机 SID 每个会话都要付一次全树传播的代价。seam 从会话 id + 工作区派生会话的**私有**临时子目录(sha256、16 位 hex——任何地方都不存储,因此不存在篡改面)并独占创建;它在提供方 dispose 时移除,崩溃则把它留作 `%TEMP%` 垃圾,其下一次恢复会在独占创建处大声失败,直到临时目录卫生机制将其回收。seam 把工作区 ACE **常驻**物化(绝不撤销——就是缓存),把临时 ACE **可回收**物化(提供方 dispose(资源释放)时撤销,因此可继承 ACE 不会在环境临时根目录上比其会话的临时目录活得更久)。令牌的 restricting list 是保活组加上仅 workspace-write 下的写入 SID:read-only = [登录 SID、Everyone],workspace-write = [登录 SID、Everyone、写入 SID]。保活不变式是登录 SID + Everyone(没有它们,早期 DLL init 会以 0xC0000142 死亡,CNG 会让 pwsh 以 0xE0434352 崩溃)。由于 Everyone 仍是 restricting SID,向 Everyone 授予写访问的外部对象会通过两次检查;由于 NTFS ACL 属于文件对象,工作区内获授权的硬链接也会使同一对象的外部别名获得授权。拒绝所有硬链接会让普通 pnpm 工作区不可用,因此提供方报告 `enforcement: 'partial'`,原生 runner 套件则钉住这两个缺口。Read-only 不含工作区写入 SID:先前 workspace-write 时期留下的常驻授权 ACE 保持**失效**(pass-2 检查只授予列表所携带的内容,因此 read-only 在 `/permission` 降级或崩溃后恢复的会话中不会增加任何可写根目录,而常驻 ACE 让重新升级保持零成本)。Authenticated Users 在**两种**列表中都缺席——WMI namespace 安全校验失败(0x80041003),因此 CIM 在每一种受限模式下都不可用,且 C:\-root 建树逃逸(驻留的 `AU:(AD)` + `AU:(OI)(CI)(IO)(M)` ACE)在两种模式下都被关闭;INTERACTIVE/LOCAL 同样在两种列表中都缺席(Public 树的写入被拒绝——由 runner 的 Public-probe 回归钉住)。Workspace-write 子进程看到的是私有的每会话临时子目录(`<temp>\dsh-<16 hex>`——由会话 id + 工作区派生、独占创建、拒绝 reparse point、提供方 dispose 时移除——TMP/TEMP 由 runner 重写——bwrap `--tmpfs /tmp` 语义)。受限令牌的**默认 DACL** 被扩展一条写入 SID 全权 ACE(`SetTokenInformation(TokenDefaultDacl)`):此后不带显式安全描述符创建的新对象(匿名管道——CreatePipe、同步对象)自带 restricting SID ACE,创建时的写 pass-2 检查通过;**named pipe 例外**——其默认安全描述符是 Win32 层在用户态安装的默认 SD 模板(由 KernelBase 构建——owner/SYSTEM/Admins 全权、Everyone/ANONYMOUS 只读),令牌无法影响,因此受限孙进程的管道 stdio 捕获保持拒绝(POC 记载的边界,由 runner 套件钉住)。它以 [`@deepseek-ai/dsh-sandbox-windows-acl`](../../../../packages/sandbox/sandbox-windows-acl/README.md)(后端加 `./runner` argv 前缀入口)、[`dsh-sandbox-local`](../../../../packages/sandbox/sandbox-local/README.md) 的 `win32` 链档、以及作为隔离执行器的 [`@deepseek-ai/dsh-pwsh-sandbox`](../../../../packages/bash/pwsh-sandbox/README.md) 交付;Windows 平台层在受限 pwsh 栈之上重新启用完整权限面(sandbox/sandbox-policy/permission/approval/fs-sandbox)。
直接基于原始 ACL 机制实现该档:把调用者令牌复制为 `WRITE_RESTRICTED` 受限令牌(`CreateRestrictedToken`,`WRITE_RESTRICTED` + `DISABLE_MAX_PRIVILEGE` + `LUA_TOKEN`),其 restricting SIDs 携带彼此独立的工作区能力与私有临时目录能力。`WRITE_RESTRICTED` 只对写访问做交集检查,因此读取保留调用者的环境访问,而写入还必须匹配这些能力 ACE 之一。该机制来自 huoyaoyuan/windows-acl-restrict-poc(`10e4dfb`)的演示;本移植检查每个 API 调用并 fail-closed(POC 因忽略失败而 fail-open)。工作区 SID 由规范工作区路径确定性派生(`workspaceWriteSid`——sha256 → `S-1-4-x-y`);其常驻工作区 ACE 是跨会话复用缓存,精确 ACE 跳过可避免重复的急切全树传播。每个活跃的会话/工作区对则获得一个随机私有临时目录,以及一个从该路径派生的、经过域分离的 SID(`tempWriteSid`);其 ACE 可回收,TMP/TEMP 指向该目录,令牌默认 DACL 列入该临时 SID,因此新建的临时对象不会获得共享的工作区能力。fork 因此无法写入同级会话的临时目录树。即使恢复的是同一会话,新的提供方也会选择新的路径和 SID,因此崩溃残留只是失效垃圾,而非冲突或继承的能力;无 agent(智能体)的调用会逐调用创建并移除同样的形态。环境临时根目录绝不会被隐式授权。PowerShell 可借助这项私有临时目录能力完成启动时的 AppLocker 探针,因此在没有主机范围策略时,`workspace-write` 会保持 FullLanguage;`read-only` 无法创建探针文件,会保守地进入 ConstrainedLanguage。这一区别属于 PowerShell 启动行为,不是 ACL 边界的一部分。令牌列表为 read-only = [登录 SID、Everyone],workspace-write = [登录 SID、Everyone、工作区 SID、可选临时 SID]。登录 SID + Everyone 是保活不变式(没有它们,早期 DLL 初始化会以 0xC0000142 死亡,CNG 会让 pwsh 以 0xE0434352 崩溃)。由于 Everyone 仍在列表中,向 Everyone 授予写访问的外部对象会通过两次检查;由于 NTFS ACL 属于文件对象,工作区内获授权的硬链接也会使同一对象的外部别名获得授权。拒绝所有硬链接会让普通 pnpm 工作区不可用,因此提供方报告 `enforcement: 'partial'`,原生套件则钉住这两个缺口。Read-only 不含任何能力 SID,因此常驻工作区 ACE 在模式降级后保持失效。Authenticated Users 在两种列表中都不存在——CIM 不可用,从而关闭 C:\-root 建树逃逸——INTERACTIVE/LOCAL 也不存在,因此 Public 树写入被拒绝。新建匿名管道和同步对象通过 `SetTokenInformation(TokenDefaultDacl)` 继承临时 SID(禁用临时目录时继承工作区 SID,read-only 下继承 Everyone);named pipe 保持 Win32 层 owner/SYSTEM/Admins 全权、Everyone/ANONYMOUS 只读的模板,因此受限孙进程的管道 stdio 仍被拒绝。它以 [`@deepseek-ai/dsh-sandbox-windows-acl`](../../../../packages/sandbox/sandbox-windows-acl/README.md)、[`dsh-sandbox-local`](../../../../packages/sandbox/sandbox-local/README.md) 的 `win32` 档,以及作为隔离执行器的 [`@deepseek-ai/dsh-pwsh-sandbox`](../../../../packages/bash/pwsh-sandbox/README.md) 交付。
## How the restriction works (why no new identity)
@@ -32,11 +32,11 @@ AppContainer 令牌没有环境读访问:每个可读路径都必须预先通
## Consequences
所得:仅写隔离、不引入新的 OS 版本下限(`CreateRestrictedToken` 比 mxc 的版本早二十年)、读/网络/进程可见性完全不受影响(与模式词汇表一致)、fail-closed 错误携带 API 名与精确 Win32 错误码。所失:强制执行在结构上只能是部分的,因为此令牌形态无法把 Everyone 授予的写入与 NTFS 硬链接别名限制在路径边界内;无读侧或网络隔离;控制台隔离不可用(隐藏控制台子进程以 `STATUS_DLL_INIT_FAILED` 死亡;子进程共享宿主控制台);被授权根目录上有驻留 ACE 改动(目录须为调用者所有;工作区 ACE 按设计永久常驻——复用缓存,工作区改名时成为不可见残留——临时 ACE 由提供方 dispose 连同派生的私有临时目录一起回收——崩溃会把两者都留下,下一次恢复会在独占创建处大声失败,直到临时目录卫生回收该目录);授权物化是急切的全树传播(`SetNamedSecurityInfoW` 立即遍历每个后代——在大型工作区上耗时数十秒),因按工作区身份,每台机器每个工作区只付一次;CIM 在**两种**受限模式下都不可用(AuthUsers 从两种列表中被移除——WMI namespace 安全校验失败,`Get-ComputerInfo` 静默返回不完整结果),作为关闭两种模式下 C:\-root 建树逃逸的代价;位于被授权根目录之外的 FAT 类(无 ACL)目标在两种模式下仍可写(没有可做交集的安全描述符——作为历史残留处理:不支持、仅警告、已在 README 中记录);NULL DACL 目录在 grant+revoke 往返下不保持身份(记录在案的边角,POC 亦有此行为);`whoami` 与令牌检查 cmdlet 在受限令牌下失败(诊断噪音,已记录);且**两种**受限模式都以 ConstrainedLanguage 模式运行 `pwsh`——受限令牌触发 PowerShell 的锁定检测,因此 `Add-Type`、非核心 .NET 静态调用(`[System.IO.*]::`、`[math]::`)、COM 对象与反射都会以“only core types”错误失败,而 `-f` 格式化、属性访问与核心 cmdlet/类型继续工作,语言模式也无法从内部提升回 FullLanguage——已在 pwsh 工具描述中教给模型,并记录在包 README 的 Known Limitations 中;**两种**受限模式同样拒绝 named-pipe 打开——libuv 的管道 stdio spawn 以 EPERM 失败(POC 记载的“无法重定向输出”边界;继承/忽略的 stdio 与匿名管道可用)——记录在包 README 的 Known Limitations 中,并在 pwsh 工具描述中教给模型。
所得:仅写隔离、不引入新的 OS 版本下限(`CreateRestrictedToken` 比 mxc 的版本早二十年)、读/网络/进程可见性完全不受影响(与模式词汇表一致),且 fail-closed 错误携带 API 名与精确 Win32 错误码。会话共享有意常驻的工作区能力,但不共享各自可回收的临时能力;重启残留既不能阻塞恢复的会话,也不能向其授权。所失:强制执行在结构上只能是部分的,因为此令牌形态无法把 Everyone 授予的写入与 NTFS 硬链接别名限制在路径边界内;无读侧或网络隔离;控制台隔离不可用(隐藏控制台子进程以 `STATUS_DLL_INIT_FAILED` 死亡;子进程共享宿主控制台);工作区常驻 ACE 改动(复用缓存,以及工作区改名后的失效残留)与异常关闭后遗留的随机临时目录垃圾,直到 OS 卫生机制将其回收;工作区授权采用急切的全树传播(`SetNamedSecurityInfoW` 立即遍历每个后代——大型工作区上耗时数十秒),每台机器每个工作区只付一次;CIM 在两种受限模式下均不可用(Authenticated Users 不存在,从而关闭 C:\-root 建树逃逸);FAT 类无 ACL 目标仍可写;NULL-DACL 目录在 grant/revoke 往返下不保持身份;`whoami` 与令牌检查 cmdlet 在受限令牌下失败;read-only pwsh 会进入 ConstrainedLanguage,而在没有主机策略时 workspace-write 保持 FullLanguage;named pipe 打开仍被拒绝,因此 libuv 管道 stdio 的孙进程以 EPERM 失败,而继承/忽略的 stdio 与匿名管道可用。包 README 负责记录这些运行限制。
## Testing
产品可见的 Windows 阵容切换仅存在于 win32,而 keyless 快照夹具必须在 macOS/Linux 上可重放,因此无法覆盖它;替代证据是 bundle 组合 spec([`base.spec.ts`](../../../../packages/bundle/base/tests/base.spec.ts)、[`windows-shell.spec.ts`](../../../../apps/cli/tests/windows-shell.spec.ts))加上 win32 真实 runner 套件(`packages/sandbox/sandbox-windows-acl/tests/`、`packages/bash/pwsh-sandbox/tests/`),组装态信号由 CI 的 Windows lane 负责。授权机制在跨平台侧由 `packages/sandbox/sandbox-local/tests/acl-grants.spec.ts` 钉住(派生的私有临时身份——按会话 + 工作区确定性、跨会话相异——一次性物化、独占临时目录创建并拒绝 reparse point、失败时自我清理、干净重启时对同一派生目录的重新授权、dispose 与模式切换循环中的常驻/可回收生命周期,以及派生 SID 的 argv 契约——mock 掉 Win32 表面),win32 侧由 `workspace-sid.spec.ts`(派生的确定性/形态/相异性)、`grant.spec.ts`(真实 DACL 物化:可回收路径在 dispose 时撤销、常驻路径存活)、`acl.spec.ts` 的幂等授权快速路径与 dispose 后常驻 ACE 契约、`failure-paths.spec.ts` 的 suspension-orphan 回归(AssignProcessToJobObject 失败会终止子进程)与 `runner.spec.ts` 的 `--write-sid` 契约(调用者所有目录的授权、经 TMP/TEMP 的私有临时子目录、两种模式下的 CIM 拒绝探针、模式降级回归——驻留授权 ACE 在 read-only 下失效并在重新升级后再度生效——环境可写 Public-probe 回归(对 C:\Users\Public 子目录的写入在两种模式下都会被拒绝)、部分强制执行边界回归(两种模式下对外部 `Everyone:Modify` 目标的写入,以及通过工作区硬链接修改其外部文件对象),以及两种模式下对 ConstrainedLanguage 的钉定,加上孙进程 stdio 矩阵钉定——继承/忽略的 stdio spawn 成功,而管道捕获在两种模式下都被**拒绝**)钉住。runner 失败分类以 127 退出码为门槛(受限命令仅仅在非 127 退出时打印 `windows-acl-run:` 签名,也绝不会被误分类为"命令未运行"——由 pwsh-sandbox helper 套件钉住)。
产品可见的 Windows 阵容切换仅存在于 win32,而必须在 macOS/Linux 上可重放的 keyless 快照无法覆盖它;替代证据是 bundle 组合 spec 加上 win32 真实 runner 套件,组装态信号由 CI 的 Windows lane 负责。`sandbox-local/tests/acl-grants.spec.ts` 在 mock Win32 的情况下钉住随机临时目录分配、按会话/工作区复用、fork/工作区分离、崩溃后恢复不冲突、成对 argv SID、失败清理,以及常驻/可回收生命周期。在 Windows 上,`workspace-sid.spec.ts` 钉住工作区/临时目录派生与域分离;`acl.spec.ts` 钉住真实 DACL 生命周期;`runner.spec.ts` 钉住成对 SID 验证、共享工作区 SID 时对同级会话临时目录的拒绝、无 agent 调用的逐调用临时目录创建/移除、TMP/TEMP 重写、模式降级、Public 拒绝、Everyone/硬链接部分边界、按模式区分的 PowerShell 语言行为与孙进程 stdio。ARM64 与模拟 x64 原生运行负责提供架构特定的验收证据。
## Related