Merge pull request #2002 from deepseek-harness/feature/issue-1470-skill-invoke
feat(skill): deterministic user-explicit skill invocation at the pre-step gesture boundary
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# Bilingual-pair consistency record (docs/i18n/README.md): the git blob hash of each
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# side as of the last confirmed-consistent state. Both languages carry equal authority;
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# after editing either side, bring the other along and re-record with:
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# pnpm run verify-translation-pairing --write .agents/notes/implemented/feature/2026-08-08-user-explicit-skill-invocation.md
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2026-08-08-user-explicit-skill-invocation.md: d925938279923282170dc99934f4fa44d8ecf2b4
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2026-08-08-user-explicit-skill-invocation.zh.md: 64e23be0b42519fb9681adefcd0f05074d3aa35e
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# Agent Note: User-explicit skill invocation at the pre-step gesture boundary
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Status: implemented
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English | [中文](2026-08-08-user-explicit-skill-invocation.zh.md)
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## Problem
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A `disable-model-invocation: true` skill is user-only by design: it never enters the model-facing catalog and the `skill` tool refuses to load it. Its only legitimate entry point is an explicit user gesture — yet the web client had none. `skill.list` filtered to the model-and-user intersection (hiding user-only skills from the menu), an entered `/name` line rode into the default prompt sink as plain text, and the model it reached was forbidden to load the skill — so it degraded to `read`-ing the SKILL.md file or ignoring the gesture (issue #1470). Even for ordinary skills, the decision-21 plain-text reference made user invocation a collaboration cue the model could ignore, not a guarantee.
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## Decision
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User-explicit invocation is a host-side pre-step injection, uniform for every user-invocable skill and every front end:
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- `dsh-tool-skill` registers a second `agent/pre-step` listener (beside its catalog listener, the same seam `workspace-instructions` and the runtime-context snapshot ride): it scans the step's claimed messages for whitespace-bounded `/name` tokens — anywhere in the text, the same word-boundary shape the transcript chip decoration uses — collects first-seen-deduplicated names, loads each through `ctx.skills.get`, checks `isUserInvocable` on the loaded definition (the single lookup that produces what is injected), renders it with the shared `renderSkillContent`, and appends the injections after every other injection of the step: background first (workspace rules, runtime policy, catalog), the material the model must act on last, closest to its answer. Registration order pins the placement — the gesture listener registers before the catalog listener, so the waterfall hands it the catalog-bearing list to extend.
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- Precision is closed-set matching, exactly like slash commands: `/goal` resolves against the command registry, `/name` against the workspace's user-invocable skill directory; a miss stays ordinary prose, so nothing is ever guessed. Only `source.kind === 'user'` messages are scanned — external text cannot forge a gesture. Paths (`/usr/bin`), fractions (`5/8`), and prefixed tokens (`foo/name`) all break the boundary.
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- The client stays decision 21: a menu pick lands the literal `/name ` and the prompt ships it verbatim; ui-skill implements no adjudication hooks and no reference codec. `skill.list` (now the domain's only RPC) serves every user-invocable skill with `modelInvocable` so menus mark user-only entries. A name shared with a host command resolves to the command — adjudication claims the line client-side before it becomes a prompt.
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- The injection is a `user`-role message carrying the `skill-invocation` source (`{ name, form: 'instructions' }`), so `user/message` logging, the context-injection transcript row (labelled with the skill name), and replay all come free; `renderSkillContent` lives in the `dsh-skill` seam, shared verbatim with the `skill` tool result, and the catalog's closing sentence tells the model to follow an injected block instead of re-loading it.
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Peer-product survey (Pi, OpenCode, Claude Code, Kimi Code, Codex, DeepSeek-Reasonix — local checkouts) was unanimous that user-explicit triggering is programmatic injection with zero model participation; the final shape is closest to Codex's core-side `$name` mention scanning, which likewise frees every front end from implementing recognition.
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## Alternatives considered
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- **`skill.invoke` RPC (host injects, client claims)** — implemented first, in two iterations: a single mixed message (user text folded into the body), then a gesture prompt plus injection delivered through inbox primitives. Rejected after real-session testing: the mixed message polluted the injection with user prose; the two-message form depended on wake-ordering subtleties (`followup` claims the whole next-turn queue synchronously inside the first waking call, stranding any later message in the next turn — reproduced live), and the dedicated RPC duplicated a path `session.prompt` already provides while leaving TUI/ACP to reimplement recognition. The pre-step seam removes the RPC, the claim machinery, and the ordering hazard outright.
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- **`agent.inject()` from the RPC handler** — the inject queue (`next-step`, wake-free) is claimed ahead of the next-turn prompt, putting the injection above the gesture in the log; and pairing it with a waking `followup` reintroduces the same ordering coupling. The pre-step listener injects inside the step assembly, where ordering is explicit.
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- **A host `/skill <name>` command** (command registry, plan-mode precedent) — two-token UX, no name completion, and user-only skills stay undiscoverable in the menu; the per-cwd skill catalog also fits the static command registry poorly. Rejected.
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- **Client-side expansion** (fetch body, splice into the prompt) — authorization becomes bypassable client courtesy, the log loses the invocation semantics, and Codex deleted its equivalent mechanism (custom prompts) in favor of core injection. Rejected.
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- **Structured reference payload on the prompt wire** (Codex's `UserInput::Skill` analogue: the client ships `{skills: [...]}` beside the text and the boundary prefers it over scanning) — considered and deferred: the existing slash-command system is itself line-text on the wire, and closed-set directory matching already removes the guesswork; recorded as a ledger item should gesture precision ever need client intent.
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- **Per-injection preamble line** (Kimi's `User activated the skill …`) — dropped in favor of the one-time catalog sentence: same context, paid once, and the injected block stays byte-identical with the tool result.
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## Consequences
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- Decision 21's plain-text reference is now the whole client story: the draft carries plain text, chip visuals derive from the lexicon, and the sent text is judged by the host boundary — a hand-typed gesture, a menu pick, and a TUI prompt are indistinguishable and equally deterministic.
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- Every user-invocable skill invocation costs its full rendered body unconditionally — the price of determinism the peer survey showed everyone pays. Mentioning a known skill name mid-sentence loads it; that is the Codex mention semantic, accepted deliberately.
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- The `skill-invocation` source rides `user/message`, so Model-visible ⟺ logged holds with no new event type, and replay/UI read metadata rather than text markers.
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- Accepted residual of dropping the per-injection preamble: the no-reload framing rides only the catalog, and a workspace whose skills are all user-only never publishes a first catalog — an injection can arrive with no framing at all, and the model may redundantly try the `skill` tool once (the replacement catalog's empty arm carries the sentence; the never-published case does not). Publishing a catalog for framing alone was judged worse than that one recoverable error.
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# Agent Note: pre-step 手势边界上的用户显式 skill 调用
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Status: implemented
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[English](2026-08-08-user-explicit-skill-invocation.md) | 中文
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## 问题
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`disable-model-invocation: true` 的 skill(技能)在设计上就是仅限用户的:它绝不进入面向模型的目录,`skill` 工具也拒绝加载它。它唯一正当的入口是一次显式的用户手势——而 web 客户端此前没有这个入口。`skill.list` 过滤到模型与用户的交集(把仅限用户的 skill 挡在菜单之外),回车提交的 `/name` 一行以纯文本落入默认提示词 sink,而这行文本到达的模型又被禁止加载该 skill——于是退化为模型去 `read` 那份 SKILL.md 文件,或者干脆无视这次手势(issue #1470)。即使对普通 skill,决策 21 的纯文本引用也让用户调用只是模型可以忽略的协作线索,而不是保证。
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## 决策
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用户显式调用是一次宿主侧的 pre-step 注入,对每一个用户可调用的 skill 和每一种前端一致:
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- `dsh-tool-skill` 注册第二个 `agent/pre-step` 监听器(与其目录监听器并列,也是 `workspace-instructions` 与运行时上下文快照搭乘的同一 seam):它在该步骤已认领的消息中扫描以空白为界的 `/name` token——文本中任意位置均可,与 transcript(文本记录)chip 装饰所用的词边界形状相同——收集按首见去重的名称,逐个经 `ctx.skills.get` 加载,在已加载定义上检查 `isUserInvocable`(产生注入内容的正是这同一次查找),用共享的 `renderSkillContent` 渲染,并把注入追加在该步骤所有其他注入之后:背景在前(工作区规则、运行时策略、目录),模型必须着手处理的材料在最后、最贴近它的回答。注册顺序钉住了这一位置——手势监听器先于目录监听器注册,因此 waterfall 会把携带目录的列表交给它来扩展。
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- 精确性来自封闭集合匹配,与斜杠命令完全一致:`/goal` 对照命令注册表解析,`/name` 对照工作区的用户可调用 skill 目录解析;未命中即保持为普通行文,因此绝不猜测。只扫描 `source.kind === 'user'` 的消息——外部文本无法伪造手势。路径(`/usr/bin`)、分数(`5/8`)与带前缀的 token(`foo/name`)都会破坏该边界。
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- 客户端停留在决策 21:菜单 pick 落下字面文本 `/name `,提示词将其原样发出;ui-skill 不实现任何裁决钩子,也没有引用 codec。`skill.list`(现在是该领域唯一的 RPC)提供每一个用户可调用的 skill 并携带 `modelInvocable`,供菜单标出仅限用户的条目。与宿主命令同名的名称解析为命令——裁决在客户端把该行认领走,它尚未成为提示词。
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- 注入是一条携带 `skill-invocation` 来源(`{ name, form: 'instructions' }`)的 `user` 角色消息,因此 `user/message` 落账、上下文注入的 transcript 行(以 skill 名称标注)与回放全部免费获得;`renderSkillContent` 位于 `dsh-skill` seam,与 `skill` 工具结果逐字共享,目录的结尾一句会告诉模型遵循注入块而不是重新加载。
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同类产品调研(Pi、OpenCode、Claude Code、Kimi Code、Codex、DeepSeek-Reasonix——本地检出)一致表明:用户显式触发都是模型零参与的程序化注入;最终形态最接近 Codex 核心侧的 `$name` mention 扫描——它同样让每一种前端免于自行实现识别。
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## 考虑过的替代方案
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- **`skill.invoke` RPC(宿主注入、客户端认领)**——最先实现,共两轮迭代:先是单条混合消息(用户文本折进正文),后是经 inbox 原语投递的手势提示词加注入两条消息。经真实会话测试后否决:混合消息让用户行文污染了注入;两条消息的形态依赖唤醒顺序的微妙之处(`followup` 在第一个唤醒调用内同步认领整个 next-turn 队列,把之后的消息滞留到下一轮次——已实际复现),而专设 RPC 复制了 `session.prompt` 已提供的路径,还让 TUI/ACP 不得不各自重新实现识别。pre-step seam 把 RPC、认领机制与顺序隐患一并干净移除。
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- **从 RPC 处理器调用 `agent.inject()`**——inject 队列(`next-step`,不唤醒)会在 next-turn 提示词之前被认领,使注入在日志中排到手势之上;而与会唤醒的 `followup` 搭配又会重新引入同样的顺序耦合。pre-step 监听器在步骤组装内部注入,那里的顺序是显式的。
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- **宿主 `/skill <name>` 命令**(命令注册表,plan 模式先例)——两 token 的 UX、没有名称补全、仅限用户的 skill 在菜单里仍不可发现;按 cwd 的 skill 目录也与静态命令注册表格格不入。否决。
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- **客户端展开**(拉取正文、拼进提示词)——授权沦为可被绕过的客户端善意,日志失去调用语义,而且 Codex 已删除其等价机制(custom prompts)转向核心注入。否决。
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- **提示词协议上的结构化引用载荷**(Codex `UserInput::Skill` 的类似物:客户端在文本旁附带 `{skills: [...]}`,边界优先采用它而不是扫描)——考虑过并暂缓:现有斜杠命令体系在协议上本身就是行文本,封闭集合的目录匹配已经消除了猜测;已记为台账事项,以备手势精确性某天需要客户端意图。
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- **每次注入一条前导语**(Kimi 的 `User activated the skill …`)——弃用,改为一次性的目录句子:同样的上下文、只支付一次,且注入块与工具结果保持逐字节一致。
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## 后果
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- 决策 21 的纯文本引用如今就是客户端的全部故事:草稿承载纯文本,chip 视觉由 lexicon 派生,发出的文本由宿主边界评判——手动键入的手势、菜单 pick 与 TUI 提示词无从区分,也同等确定。
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- 每一次用户可调用 skill 的调用都无条件付出其完整渲染正文的成本——这是确定性的代价,同类调研表明所有产品都在支付。在句子中间提到一个已知 skill 名称也会加载它;这就是 Codex 的 mention 语义,属于有意接受。
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- `skill-invocation` 来源搭乘 `user/message`,因此「模型可见 ⟺ 已记录」在不新增事件类型的情况下继续成立,回放与 UI 读取的是元数据而非文本标记。
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- 放弃逐次注入前导语后被接受的残余:no-reload framing 只搭乘目录,而 skill 全部为仅用户的工作区永远不会发布首个目录——注入可能在完全没有 framing 的情况下到达,模型可能多余地调用一次 `skill` 工具(替换目录的空臂携带该句;从未发布的情形没有)。仅为 framing 而发布目录被判定比这一次可恢复的错误更糟。
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