feat(session-persistence): abstract seam + JSONL backend + wiring

Add the durable session-persistence capability seam (ADR 0016): an
abstract SessionPersistence service (dsh-session-persistence,
ctx.sessionPersistence) defining create/append/load/list/has/delete/
update over the existing SessionEvent — no parallel persisted type — and
a first implementation (dsh-session-persistence-jsonl): an append-only
JSONL log per session with crash-safe atomic writes, truncation-repair
of a never-committed crash tail, and a read/replay path. SessionMeta
(format version, cwd, lineage) travels out-of-log via session.header.

A shared runPersistenceContract suite holds every backend to the same
append-only / contiguous-seq / lazy-materialization / serializability
semantics.

Config-driven create() now uses a per-run ${id}-session-<uuid> session
id so a fixed name no longer collides with an on-disk log once a durable
backend is loaded; each run is a new session (a demo simplification). The
examples drop their hand-rolled session-jsonl.ts and load the JSONL
backend via cordis.yml; CI smoke-loads it too.

The agent-facing create/resume factory that consumes load() is a
separate seam, deferred to a follow-up; this change stops at the load
primitive and does not reach into the loop.
This commit is contained in:
Tianyi Cui
2026-06-15 21:05:46 +08:00
parent b0bc0b5792
commit df4b7d3d9a
33 changed files with 2959 additions and 89 deletions

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/**
* On-disk format helpers for the JSONL session-persistence backend: path
* sanitization (a {@link SessionId} is an unvalidated branded string, so it
* MUST be encoded before use in a path — no traversal, no collision), the
* per-cwd directory layout, header-line (de)serialization, the atomic sidecar
* for mutable summary fields, and the truncation-repair offset computation.
*
* @module dsh-session-persistence-jsonl/format
*/
import { createHash } from 'node:crypto'
import { join } from 'node:path'
import type { SessionEvent, SessionHeader, SessionId, SessionMeta } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-session'
/**
* The first line of a session's `.jsonl` file: the immutable
* {@link SessionHeader} tagged as a `session` record so a reader can tell it
* apart from an event line.
*/
export interface HeaderLine {
type: 'session'
version: number
id: SessionId
createdAt: number
cwd?: string
parentSession?: SessionId
}
/** Build the header line object from a {@link SessionHeader}. */
export function toHeaderLine(header: SessionHeader): HeaderLine {
return {
type: 'session',
version: header.version,
id: header.id,
createdAt: header.createdAt,
...header.cwd !== undefined ? { cwd: header.cwd } : {},
...header.parentSession !== undefined ? { parentSession: header.parentSession } : {},
}
}
/** Parse a header line back into a {@link SessionHeader}. */
export function fromHeaderLine(line: HeaderLine): SessionHeader {
return {
version: line.version,
id: line.id,
createdAt: line.createdAt,
...line.cwd !== undefined ? { cwd: line.cwd } : {},
...line.parentSession !== undefined ? { parentSession: line.parentSession } : {},
}
}
/** Type guard: a parsed first line is a well-formed session header. */
function isHeaderLine(value: unknown): value is HeaderLine {
return (
typeof value === 'object' && value !== null
&& (value as { type?: unknown }).type === 'session'
&& typeof (value as { version?: unknown }).version === 'number'
&& typeof (value as { id?: unknown }).id === 'string'
&& typeof (value as { createdAt?: unknown }).createdAt === 'number'
)
}
/**
* Encode an arbitrary string as a single safe path segment, injectively over
* ALL JS (UTF-16) strings — including lone surrogates. A {@link SessionId} is
* an unvalidated branded string, so this neutralizes `../`, absolute paths,
* NUL, and separators before any filesystem use.
*
* Each UTF-16 code unit is either kept literal (the safe set `[A-Za-z0-9_-]`)
* or escaped as `~XXXX` (its 4-hex-digit code unit). `~` is itself escaped, so
* the mapping is injective and reversible: distinct inputs never collide. We
* iterate code UNITS (`charCodeAt`), not code points, so a lone surrogate
* escapes to a distinct `~XXXX` instead of being normalized to U+FFFD (which
* `Buffer.from(…, 'utf8')` would do, breaking injectivity). `.` is in the safe
* set for readability but the whole-segment tokens `.`/`..` are escaped so they
* can never traverse.
*/
export function encodeSegment(raw: string): string {
if (raw.length === 0) throw new Error('cannot encode an empty path segment')
if (raw === '.') return '~002E'
if (raw === '..') return '~002E~002E'
let out = ''
for (let i = 0; i < raw.length; i++) {
const code = raw.charCodeAt(i)
const ch = String.fromCharCode(code)
if (ch !== '~' && /^[A-Za-z0-9._-]$/.test(ch)) {
out += ch
} else {
out += '~' + code.toString(16).toUpperCase().padStart(4, '0')
}
}
return out
}
/**
* The directory a session's files live in: the configured root, then a per-cwd
* subdirectory so sessions group by project. The cwd subdir is a stable hash
* (short, collision-resistant, filesystem-safe) plus an encoded suffix for
* readability; sessions without a cwd go in a shared `_no-cwd` bucket.
*/
export function sessionDir(root: string, cwd: string | undefined): string {
if (cwd === undefined) return join(root, '_no-cwd')
const hash = createHash('sha256').update(cwd).digest('hex').slice(0, 12)
return join(root, `cwd-${hash}`)
}
/** The append-only event-log file path for a session. */
export function logPath(root: string, cwd: string | undefined, id: SessionId): string {
return join(sessionDir(root, cwd), `${encodeSegment(id)}.jsonl`)
}
/** The mutable-summary sidecar path for a session (beside its log). */
export function sidecarPath(root: string, cwd: string | undefined, id: SessionId): string {
return join(sessionDir(root, cwd), `${encodeSegment(id)}.summary.json`)
}
/** Serialize one event as a JSONL line (no trailing newline). */
export function eventLine(event: SessionEvent): string {
return JSON.stringify(event)
}
/**
* Compute the byte offset of the END of the last complete `turn/end` line in a
* JSONL log buffer (the header line is index 0). Returns the offset to which a
* crash tail should be truncated, and the contiguous events up to and including
* that `turn/end`. A parse error or a `seq` gap in the MIDDLE (at or before the
* last `turn/end`) makes the session unloadable and throws; trailing garbage
* AFTER the last `turn/end` is the tolerated crash tail and is excluded.
*
* This relies on the session-log invariant that every event lives inside a turn
* (`Session.append` enforces it): the last `turn/end` is therefore the last
* durable boundary, and nothing committed can sit outside a completed turn.
*/
export function scanLog(buffer: Buffer): { meta: SessionMeta; events: SessionEvent[]; committedBytes: number } {
const text = buffer.toString('utf8')
// Split into complete (newline-terminated) lines, tracking the byte offset of
// each line's end so the truncation point is exact (multi-byte chars make the
// char offset differ from the byte offset). A trailing line with no newline is
// an uncommitted crash fragment and is ignored — it is below the last
// turn/end by construction (the loop only flushes whole lines).
//
// Track the byte offset with a RUNNING accumulator (`endByte`), adding each
// line's byte length as we go. Recomputing `Buffer.byteLength(text.slice(0, i))`
// per newline would rescan the whole prefix every time — O(n²) over a long
// log (one assistant/chunk line per token makes that pathological).
const lines: { text: string; endByte: number }[] = []
let start = 0
let byteOffset = 0
for (let i = 0; i < text.length; i++) {
if (text[i] === '\n') {
const lineText = text.slice(start, i)
byteOffset += Buffer.byteLength(lineText, 'utf8') + 1 // +1 for the '\n' (a 1-byte char)
lines.push({ text: lineText, endByte: byteOffset })
start = i + 1
}
}
const [headerEntry, ...eventEntries] = lines
if (headerEntry === undefined) throw new Error('empty or header-less session log')
// Line 0 is the header.
let parsedHeader: unknown
try {
parsedHeader = JSON.parse(headerEntry.text)
} catch {
throw new Error('corrupt session log: header line is not valid JSON')
}
if (!isHeaderLine(parsedHeader)) {
throw new Error('corrupt session log: first line is not a session header')
}
const headerLine = parsedHeader
// Find the committed region: the prefix up to and including the LAST complete
// `turn/end` in the WHOLE log. Two passes so a crash tail after the last
// turn/end is tolerated, but corruption/gaps AT OR BEFORE the last committed
// turn/end make the log unloadable (committed data must never be silently
// dropped).
//
// Pass 1: parse every line that parses, recording (parsedOk, seq, isTurnEnd,
// endByte) per line index. Lines that fail to parse are holes.
interface Parsed { ok: boolean; event?: SessionEvent; endByte: number }
const parsed: Parsed[] = eventEntries.map((entry) => {
try {
return { ok: true, event: JSON.parse(entry.text) as SessionEvent, endByte: entry.endByte }
} catch {
return { ok: false, endByte: entry.endByte }
}
})
// The last index (into eventEntries) that is a valid `turn/end`.
let lastTurnEnd = -1
for (let i = parsed.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
const p = parsed[i]
if (p?.ok && p.event?.type === 'turn/end') { lastTurnEnd = i; break }
}
// No committed turn/end anywhere: nothing is committed. The whole event
// region is an uncommitted (first-turn) tail — committedBytes is the header.
if (lastTurnEnd < 0) {
const meta = metaFrom(headerLine)
return { meta, events: [], committedBytes: headerEntry.endByte }
}
// Pass 2: the committed prefix [0..lastTurnEnd] must be fully intact and
// contiguous (line i is a parsed event with seq === i). A hole or seq gap in
// the committed region means committed data was damaged → unloadable.
const committed: SessionEvent[] = []
for (let i = 0; i <= lastTurnEnd; i++) {
const p = parsed[i]
if (!p?.ok || p.event === undefined) {
throw new Error(`corrupt session log: unparsable committed event at line ${i + 1}`)
}
if (p.event.seq !== i) {
throw new Error(`corrupt session log: seq gap in committed region at line ${i + 1} (expected ${i}, got ${p.event.seq})`)
}
committed.push(p.event)
}
const lastEntry = parsed[lastTurnEnd]
/* v8 ignore next -- lastTurnEnd indexes a parsed entry by construction */
const committedBytes = lastEntry ? lastEntry.endByte : headerEntry.endByte
return { meta: metaFrom(headerLine), events: committed, committedBytes }
}
/** Build the load-time {@link SessionMeta} from a header line (summary overlaid later). */
function metaFrom(headerLine: HeaderLine): SessionMeta {
return {
...fromHeaderLine(headerLine),
updatedAt: headerLine.createdAt, // overlaid by the sidecar in load()
}
}
/**
* Parse just the header line of a log into load-time {@link SessionMeta}, or
* `undefined` if it is missing/not a header. Used by `list()` to read session
* metadata WITHOUT parsing the whole log: a session picker scales with the
* number of sessions, not the total size of every conversation. The summary
* sidecar is overlaid by the caller; `updatedAt` here mirrors `createdAt` until
* then (same as {@link scanLog}'s load-time meta).
*/
export function parseHeaderMeta(firstLine: string): SessionMeta | undefined {
let parsed: unknown
try {
parsed = JSON.parse(firstLine)
} catch {
return undefined
}
if (!isHeaderLine(parsed)) return undefined
return metaFrom(parsed)
}

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/**
* JSONL durable session-persistence backend (`@deepseek-ai/dsh-session-persistence-jsonl`).
*
* Two concerns in one plugin:
*
* 1. **The backend** — a concrete {@link SessionPersistence}: one append-only
* `.jsonl` event log per session (a header line then one `SessionEvent` per
* line, verbatim including `assistant/chunk` so `seq` stays contiguous) plus
* a small atomic `.summary.json` sidecar for the mutable `SessionSummary`.
* Lazy materialization (no file until the first `append`), atomic first
* write, and truncation-repair of a never-committed crash tail on the first
* `append` after a `load`.
*
* 2. **The write path** — the `session/event` → buffer → `session/flush` drain
* that generalizes the example `session-jsonl.ts`: snapshot each event when
* it is buffered (the live `session.events` object is mutable), persist
* forks once on `session/created`, maintain a per-session write cursor so a
* resumed session never re-appends already-stored events, and seed existing
* live sessions on plugin apply (HMR does not replay `session/created`).
*
* @module @deepseek-ai/dsh-session-persistence-jsonl
*/
import { Context } from 'cordis'
import z from 'schemastery'
import { open, mkdir, readFile, readdir, rename, link, rm, writeFile, truncate } from 'node:fs/promises'
import { resolve } from 'node:path'
import { randomBytes } from 'node:crypto'
import { SessionPersistence } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-session-persistence'
import { isJsonValue } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-session'
import type { Session, SessionEvent, SessionId, SessionMeta, SessionSummary } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-session'
import {
encodeSegment, eventLine, logPath, parseHeaderMeta, scanLog, sessionDir, sidecarPath, toHeaderLine,
} from './format.ts'
export interface Config {
/**
* Root directory for all session files. Required (no default): a default of
* `process.cwd()` would scatter session files as the process's cwd changes
* (bash calls, subprocesses). Sessions group under per-cwd subdirectories.
*/
root: string
}
/** Per-session write state held by the backend's in-memory bookkeeping. */
interface SessionState {
meta: SessionMeta
/** The next seq the backend expects to append (the stored log length). */
cursor: number
/** Whether the `.jsonl` file has been physically materialized. */
materialized: boolean
/**
* The live Session this state was bound to via `onCreated`, if any. Used to
* detect a DIFFERENT live session reusing a tracked id (a collision): state
* created through the public `create()`/`load()` API has no owner, but state
* bound to a live session lets `onCreated` reject a second, unrelated session
* object on the same id instead of silently no-opping (which would leave the
* new session's events to be dropped against the old cursor).
*/
owner?: Session
/**
* If a load truncation-repair is pending, the byte offset to truncate the
* file to before the next append (discards the never-committed crash tail).
*/
repairTo?: number
}
/**
* Whether a live session's `seed` reproduces a persisted `prefix` exactly — the
* prefix is no longer than the seed, and each prefix event DEEP-equals the seed
* event at the same index. Used to tell a session legitimately continuing a
* persisted log (HMR re-seeing its own session, or a resume) from a different
* session that merely reuses the id: the latter would have its already-counted
* seq 0..prefix-1 events filtered out on flush and its conversation silently
* grafted onto the old log.
*
* The comparison is a full structural equality (via canonical JSON) of each
* event INCLUDING its `data` payload, not just `seq`/`type`/`time` — a session
* built from loaded events but with mutated message/tool payloads (same seq/
* type/time) must NOT be accepted, or the live history and durable log diverge.
* Both sides are JSON-serializable by contract (Session.append enforces it), so
* JSON.stringify is a sound canonical form here.
*/
function seedCoversPrefix(seed: readonly SessionEvent[], prefix: readonly SessionEvent[]): boolean {
return prefix.length <= seed.length
&& prefix.every((e, i) => {
const s = seed[i]
return s !== undefined && JSON.stringify(s) === JSON.stringify(e)
})
}
/**
* Reject non-JSON-serializable `event.data`, naming the offending type. Used on
* the backend's `append(events)` entry point (replay/fork paths that bypass a
* live `Session`); events that flow through `Session.append` are already
* validated at the source, so the live write path never needs this.
*/
function assertSerializable(events: readonly SessionEvent[]): void {
for (const event of events) {
if (!isJsonValue(event.data)) {
throw new Error(`event "${event.type}" carries non-JSON-serializable data (seq ${event.seq})`)
}
}
}
/**
* The JSONL persistence backend. Load as a plugin; it registers as
* `ctx.sessionPersistence` and installs the write-path listeners.
*/
export class SessionPersistenceJsonl extends SessionPersistence {
static inject = ['sessions']
static Config: z<Config> = z.object({
root: z.string().required(),
})
private root: string
/** Backend bookkeeping keyed by session id (NOT the live Session object). */
private states = new Map<string, SessionState>()
/** Write-behind buffers keyed by the live Session (write path). */
private buffers = new Map<Session, SessionEvent[]>()
/**
* Per-session serialization: every backend operation chains onto the prior
* one for the same id, so concurrent flushes / a flush racing onCreated never
* interleave file writes or read a half-built state. Keyed by session id.
*/
private chains = new Map<string, Promise<unknown>>()
/**
* Per-session init promise (onCreated). Keyed by the LIVE Session OBJECT, not
* its id: a disposed fiber's session can be replaced by a different live
* Session reusing the same id (HMR, an ACP reconnect), and an id-keyed cache
* would hand the new object the old object's init promise — skipping
* onCreated for the new session, so its events start at seq 0 while flush
* filters against the stale cursor and silently drops them. Keying by object
* gives each live Session its own init. flush awaits it before appending.
*/
private inits = new Map<Session, Promise<void>>()
constructor(ctx: Context, public config: Config) {
super(ctx)
// Resolve the configured root to an ABSOLUTE path ONCE, here. A relative
// root (the examples use `./.sessions`) would otherwise re-resolve against
// `process.cwd()` at every later readdir/open — so if any plugin or test
// changed cwd between create, append, and load, one session's files could
// split across directories. Pinning it at construction makes all paths
// stable regardless of later cwd changes.
this.root = resolve(config.root)
this.installWritePath()
}
// --- SessionPersistence backend surface (all serialized per session id) ---
create(meta: SessionMeta): Promise<void> {
// Snapshot the metadata at call time: the op runs later (behind the
// per-session chain) and the snapshot is also stored as the lazy state, so
// keeping the caller's object by reference would let a later mutation of
// `id`/`cwd` register under one key but materialize under a different
// path/header. A shallow copy is enough — SessionMeta is a flat record.
const snapshot: SessionMeta = { ...meta }
return this.serialize(snapshot.id, () => this.createCore(snapshot))
}
private async createCore(meta: SessionMeta): Promise<void> {
// Do NOT clobber an existing session. If we already track it, or a log
// exists on disk under this id, refuse — the SessionId IS the identity, and
// silently resetting state (cursor 0, materialized false) over committed
// data would let the next append rename over the existing log.
if (this.states.has(meta.id)) {
throw new Error(`session "${meta.id}" already exists in this backend`)
}
// Scan ALL cwd buckets (pass undefined), not just meta.cwd's: load/has/adopt
// identify a session by id alone and search every bucket, so an id already
// persisted under a DIFFERENT cwd must still block creation here. Probing
// only meta.cwd's bucket would let two logs share one id and make resume
// (which picks the first matching bucket) nondeterministic.
if (await this.findLog(meta.id, undefined) !== undefined) {
throw new Error(`session "${meta.id}" already has a persisted log on disk; load/resume it instead of creating`)
}
// Pure lazy: record intent only. No file until the first append, so an
// abandoned (never-appended) session leaves nothing on disk and stays
// absent from has()/list().
this.states.set(meta.id, { meta, cursor: 0, materialized: false })
}
/**
* Run `op` after any in-flight operation for the same session id, so writes
* for one session never interleave (two flushes, a flush racing a load, an
* update racing an append). Errors do not poison the chain — the next op
* still runs. NOTE: serialized public methods must NOT call each other (that
* would deadlock on the same chain); they call the unserialized `*Core`
* helpers instead.
*/
private serialize<T>(id: SessionId, op: () => Promise<T>): Promise<T> {
const prior = this.chains.get(id) ?? Promise.resolve()
const next = prior.then(op, op)
// Keep the chain alive but swallow this op's rejection for the NEXT waiter
// (the caller still sees the real rejection via `next`).
this.chains.set(id, next.then(() => undefined, () => undefined))
return next
}
// `async` so the synchronous validate/clone below reject (not throw) per the
// Promise<void> contract — callers use `await expect(...).rejects`.
async append(id: SessionId, events: readonly SessionEvent[]): Promise<void> {
// Validate serializability BEFORE cloning, so a bad event surfaces the typed
// "non-JSON-serializable" error rather than an opaque DataCloneError from
// structuredClone below. (In an async method this throw becomes a rejection,
// honoring the Promise<void> contract rather than throwing synchronously.)
assertSerializable(events)
// Deep-snapshot the batch here, BEFORE the op waits behind the per-session
// chain: the op may await before serializing, so a caller that passes a live
// array (e.g. session.events) and mutates it — OR mutates an event object
// inside it — before the op runs would otherwise have those changes
// persisted, or advance the cursor past what was actually written.
// structuredClone covers both the array and the event objects (safe now that
// serializability is checked above). The clone happens synchronously (before
// the first await), so it is taken at call time.
const batch = events.map(e => structuredClone(e))
return this.serialize(id, () => this.appendCore(id, batch))
}
private async appendCore(id: SessionId, events: readonly SessionEvent[]): Promise<void> {
if (events.length === 0) return
assertSerializable(events)
let state = this.states.get(id)
if (state === undefined) state = await this.adopt(id) // calls loadCore, not load
// Truncation-repair: on the first append after a load that found a crash
// tail, physically discard the orphaned bytes before writing.
if (state.repairTo !== undefined) {
await this.repair(state, state.repairTo)
delete state.repairTo
}
// Contiguity contract: each event's seq must continue the stored log.
for (const [i, event] of events.entries()) {
if (event.seq !== state.cursor + i) {
throw new Error(`append seq mismatch for "${id}": expected ${state.cursor + i} at index ${i}, got ${event.seq}`)
}
}
if (!state.materialized) {
await this.materialize(state, events)
} else {
await this.appendLines(state, events)
}
// The durable event log is the transaction: advance the cursor as soon as
// the log write commits. The sidecar (mutable summary) is best-effort here
// — a failed sidecar write must NOT reject an append whose log already
// landed (that would desync the cursor and let a retry duplicate seqs).
state.cursor += events.length
await this.touchSummary(state).catch(() => { /* sidecar is recoverable metadata; log is durable */ })
}
load(id: SessionId): Promise<{ meta: SessionMeta; events: SessionEvent[] }> {
return this.serialize(id, () => this.loadCore(id))
}
private async loadCore(id: SessionId): Promise<{ meta: SessionMeta; events: SessionEvent[] }> {
const cwd = this.states.get(id)?.meta.cwd
const file = await this.findLog(id, cwd)
if (file === undefined) throw new Error(`session "${id}" not found`)
const buffer = await readFile(file.path)
const { meta, events, committedBytes } = scanLog(buffer)
this.assertVersion(meta)
const summary = await this.readSidecar(id, meta.cwd)
const fullMeta: SessionMeta = { ...meta, ...summary }
// Record the state so the next append repairs the crash tail (if any) and
// continues at the committed length. The state keeps its OWN copy of the
// meta; the value returned to the caller is a SEPARATE copy so a consumer
// mutating `loaded.meta` (e.g. `cwd`) cannot corrupt the backend's pathing
// metadata and send later reads/writes to the wrong log.
const needsRepair = committedBytes < buffer.byteLength
this.states.set(id, {
meta: { ...fullMeta },
cursor: events.length,
materialized: true,
...needsRepair ? { repairTo: committedBytes } : {},
})
return { meta: fullMeta, events }
}
async list(): Promise<SessionMeta[]> {
const metas: SessionMeta[] = []
for (const dir of await this.listCwdDirs()) {
for (const name of await this.listJsonl(dir)) {
// Read ONLY the header line, not the whole log: a session picker must
// scale with the number of sessions, not the total size of every
// conversation (the log persists every assistant/chunk verbatim, so a
// full scanLog here would be O(total history)).
const first = await this.readFirstLine(`${dir}/${name}`)
if (first === undefined) continue // empty/half-written file
const meta = parseHeaderMeta(first)
if (meta === undefined) continue // not a session header
const summary = await this.readSidecar(meta.id, meta.cwd)
metas.push({ ...meta, ...summary })
}
}
return metas
}
/**
* Read the first newline-terminated line of a file without loading the whole
* file. Returns undefined if the file is empty or has no complete first line
* (a half-written log). Reads in bounded chunks so a huge log costs only the
* header read.
*/
private async readFirstLine(path: string): Promise<string | undefined> {
const handle = await open(path, 'r')
try {
const chunks: Buffer[] = []
const buf = Buffer.alloc(8192)
for (;;) {
const { bytesRead } = await handle.read(buf, 0, buf.length, null)
if (bytesRead === 0) return undefined // EOF with no newline → no complete line
const slice = buf.subarray(0, bytesRead)
const nl = slice.indexOf(0x0a)
if (nl !== -1) {
chunks.push(slice.subarray(0, nl))
return Buffer.concat(chunks).toString('utf8')
}
chunks.push(Buffer.from(slice))
}
} finally {
await handle.close()
}
}
async has(id: SessionId): Promise<boolean> {
const state = this.states.get(id)
if (state?.materialized) return true
const cwd = state?.meta.cwd
return (await this.findLog(id, cwd)) !== undefined
}
delete(id: SessionId): Promise<void> {
return this.serialize(id, () => this.deleteCore(id))
}
private async deleteCore(id: SessionId): Promise<void> {
const cwd = this.states.get(id)?.meta.cwd
const file = await this.findLog(id, cwd)
if (file) await rm(file.path, { force: true })
// Remove the sidecar too. A lazy session (update() before the first
// append()) has a `.summary.json` sidecar but NO `.jsonl` log, and after a
// restart the in-memory cwd is gone — so keying sidecar removal off the log
// or the in-memory cwd would leak its possibly-sensitive title/firstPrompt.
// Scan every cwd bucket for the sidecar by its (sanitized) filename.
await this.removeSidecars(id)
this.states.delete(id)
}
/** Remove a session's summary sidecar from EVERY cwd bucket (id is unique). */
private async removeSidecars(id: SessionId): Promise<void> {
const target = `${encodeSegment(id)}.summary.json`
for (const dir of await this.listCwdDirs()) {
await rm(`${dir}/${target}`, { force: true })
}
}
update(id: SessionId, summary: Partial<SessionSummary>): Promise<void> {
return this.serialize(id, () => this.updateCore(id, summary))
}
private async updateCore(id: SessionId, summary: Partial<SessionSummary>): Promise<void> {
let state = this.states.get(id)
if (state === undefined) state = await this.adopt(id)
// Build the NEXT meta separately and commit it to in-memory state only AFTER
// the sidecar write succeeds. update's only durable effect is the sidecar,
// so a failure DOES reject (unlike append, whose log is the transaction and
// sidecar is best-effort) — but if we mutated state.meta first, a later
// touchSummary() on a successful append would persist the rejected
// title/firstPrompt, making a failed update durable after the fact.
const nextMeta: SessionMeta = { ...state.meta, ...summary }
await this.writeSidecar(nextMeta)
state.meta = nextMeta
}
// --- materialization / append / repair ---
/** Atomically write the header line + first batch (temp-write, fsync, rename). */
private async materialize(state: SessionState, events: readonly SessionEvent[]): Promise<void> {
const dir = sessionDir(this.root, state.meta.cwd)
await mkdir(dir, { recursive: true, mode: 0o700 })
const finalPath = logPath(this.root, state.meta.cwd, state.meta.id)
// Never rename over an existing committed log: materialize is the FIRST
// write of a session the backend believes is new. A file here means a
// different session shares this id on disk — reject loudly rather than
// clobber committed data. (createCore already guards the create path before
// this point, so this is unreachable-in-practice defense-in-depth against a
// TOCTOU/fork race; ignored for coverage.)
/* v8 ignore next 3 -- createCore guards collisions before materialize; this is a TOCTOU backstop */
if (await this.exists(finalPath)) {
throw new Error(`refusing to materialize "${state.meta.id}": a log already exists on disk (load/resume it instead)`)
}
const header = JSON.stringify(toHeaderLine(state.meta))
const body = events.map(eventLine).join('\n')
const content = header + '\n' + body + '\n'
const tmp = `${finalPath}.${randomBytes(6).toString('hex')}.tmp`
const handle = await open(tmp, 'wx', 0o600)
try {
await handle.writeFile(content)
await handle.sync()
} finally {
await handle.close()
}
// Publish via link()+unlink(), NOT rename(): link fails with EEXIST if the
// final path already exists, so two processes materializing the same id
// concurrently cannot clobber each other (both could pass the exists() check
// above, but only one link() wins). rename() would silently overwrite the
// log the other process just committed. The temp link is always removed,
// whether link() succeeds or throws (EEXIST on a race, or any I/O error).
try {
await link(tmp, finalPath)
} finally {
await rm(tmp, { force: true })
}
// fsync the directory so the new entry survives a power loss: on POSIX
// filesystems the new link is not crash-durable until the parent directory's
// metadata is synced. The seam contract is "append returns once durable",
// and materialize is the first append's write — so the directory entry must
// be durable before we return.
await this.syncDir(dir)
state.materialized = true
}
/** fsync a directory so a just-created/renamed entry inside it is crash-durable. */
private async syncDir(dir: string): Promise<void> {
const handle = await open(dir, 'r')
try {
await handle.sync()
} finally {
await handle.close()
}
}
/**
* Append event lines at EOF and fsync. On a write/sync failure AFTER the
* kernel accepted some bytes (ENOSPC, an fsync error), truncate the file back
* to its pre-append size before rethrowing: `cursor` is unchanged, so the
* batch will be retried, and without this rollback the retry would append
* AFTER the partial bytes — producing duplicate seqs that make `scanLog` see a
* gap and render the session unloadable.
*/
private async appendLines(state: SessionState, events: readonly SessionEvent[]): Promise<void> {
const path = logPath(this.root, state.meta.cwd, state.meta.id)
const handle = await open(path, 'a')
try {
const { size: before } = await handle.stat()
try {
await handle.writeFile(events.map(eventLine).join('\n') + '\n')
await handle.sync()
} catch (error) {
// Roll back whatever bytes landed so a retry starts from a clean EOF.
await handle.truncate(before)
await handle.sync()
throw error
}
} finally {
await handle.close()
}
}
/** Truncate the log file to `offset` bytes and fsync (discard the crash tail). */
private async repair(state: SessionState, offset: number): Promise<void> {
const path = logPath(this.root, state.meta.cwd, state.meta.id)
await truncate(path, offset)
const handle = await open(path, 'r+')
try {
await handle.sync()
} finally {
await handle.close()
}
}
// --- sidecar (mutable summary) ---
private async touchSummary(state: SessionState): Promise<void> {
state.meta = { ...state.meta, updatedAt: Date.now() }
await this.writeSidecar(state.meta)
}
/**
* Atomic sidecar write (temp-write + rename), summary fields only.
*
* Deliberately NOT directory-fsynced (unlike {@link materialize}): the
* sidecar holds mutable, recoverable summary metadata (updatedAt, title,
* firstPrompt), not source-of-truth log data. The rename is atomic so a
* reader never sees a torn file, but a power loss may lose the most recent
* summary — acceptable because it is re-derivable and the durable log (the
* transaction) is independently synced. Strict crash-durability is reserved
* for the event log.
*/
private async writeSidecar(meta: SessionMeta): Promise<void> {
const dir = sessionDir(this.root, meta.cwd)
await mkdir(dir, { recursive: true, mode: 0o700 })
const path = sidecarPath(this.root, meta.cwd, meta.id)
const summary: SessionSummary = {
updatedAt: meta.updatedAt,
...meta.title !== undefined ? { title: meta.title } : {},
...meta.firstPrompt !== undefined ? { firstPrompt: meta.firstPrompt } : {},
}
const tmp = `${path}.${randomBytes(6).toString('hex')}.tmp`
await writeFile(tmp, JSON.stringify(summary), { mode: 0o600 })
await rename(tmp, path)
}
/**
* Read the mutable-summary sidecar, or `undefined` if it is absent/unreadable
* (a session that has never been `update()`d, or a failed sidecar write). The
* caller keeps the header-derived `updatedAt` (the session's createdAt) in
* that case rather than overlaying `0` — reporting an active session as
* updated at the Unix epoch would be wrong.
*/
private async readSidecar(id: SessionId, cwd: string | undefined): Promise<SessionSummary | undefined> {
try {
const raw = await readFile(sidecarPath(this.root, cwd, id), 'utf8')
return JSON.parse(raw) as SessionSummary
} catch {
return undefined
}
}
// --- discovery helpers ---
/** Find a session's log file across cwd buckets (when cwd is unknown). */
private async findLog(id: SessionId, cwd: string | undefined): Promise<{ path: string; cwd: string | undefined } | undefined> {
if (cwd !== undefined) {
const path = logPath(this.root, cwd, id)
return (await this.exists(path)) ? { path, cwd } : undefined
}
// Unknown cwd: scan buckets for a matching file name.
const target = encodeSegment(id) + '.jsonl'
for (const dir of await this.listCwdDirs()) {
const path = `${dir}/${target}`
if (await this.exists(path)) {
// Recover cwd from the header for accurate sidecar pathing.
const { meta } = scanLog(await readFile(path))
return { path, cwd: meta.cwd }
}
}
return undefined
}
/** The cwd-bucket directories under the root (absolute paths). */
private async listCwdDirs(): Promise<string[]> {
try {
const entries = await readdir(this.root, { withFileTypes: true })
return entries.filter(e => e.isDirectory()).map(e => `${this.root}/${e.name}`)
} catch {
return [] // root does not exist yet → no sessions
}
}
private async listJsonl(dir: string): Promise<string[]> {
const entries = await readdir(dir)
return entries.filter(n => n.endsWith('.jsonl'))
}
private async exists(path: string): Promise<boolean> {
try {
const handle = await open(path, 'r')
await handle.close()
return true
} catch {
return false
}
}
/** Build a state for a session discovered on disk but not yet in memory. */
private async adopt(id: SessionId): Promise<SessionState> {
// loadCore (NOT load) — adopt runs inside an already-serialized op, so
// re-entering the chain via the public load() would deadlock.
await this.loadCore(id)
const state = this.states.get(id)
/* v8 ignore next -- loadCore always sets the state for the id */
if (!state) throw new Error(`failed to adopt session "${id}"`)
return state
}
private assertVersion(meta: SessionMeta): void {
if (meta.version !== 1) {
throw new Error(`unsupported session format version ${meta.version} for "${meta.id}" (only v1 is supported)`)
}
}
// --- write path (session/event → flush drain) ---
private installWritePath(): void {
const ctx = this.ctx
// Capture the header on creation; persist a fork's seed once. Record the
// init promise so flush/dispose can await it (onCreated is async).
ctx.on('session/created', (session) => { void this.initFor(session) })
// Snapshot + buffer every event (the live object is mutable; clone so a
// later in-place mutation of session.events cannot rewrite a buffered
// event). Serializability is guaranteed at the source — `Session.append`
// rejects non-JSON-serializable data before the event ever enters the log
// or this emit — so structuredClone here can never hit a non-cloneable
// value, and the durable log can never diverge from session.events.
ctx.on('session/event', (session, event) => {
let buffer = this.buffers.get(session)
if (!buffer) this.buffers.set(session, buffer = [])
buffer.push(structuredClone(event))
})
// Drain to the backend at the durability checkpoint.
ctx.on('session/flush', session => this.flush(session))
// Dispose must reach quiescence: await every session's init + final drain
// BEFORE returning, so no write lands after teardown (orphan rename/ENOENT).
ctx.effect(() => async () => {
await Promise.allSettled([...this.inits.values()])
await Promise.allSettled([...this.buffers.keys()].map(s => this.flush(s)))
await Promise.allSettled([...this.chains.values()])
}, 'session-persistence-jsonl write path')
// HMR: a hot reload does not replay session/created, so seed existing live
// sessions (mirrors dsh-invariants).
for (const session of ctx.sessions.list()) void this.initFor(session)
}
/** Start (once) the async init for a session and remember its promise. */
private initFor(session: Session): Promise<void> {
const existing = this.inits.get(session)
if (existing) return existing
// Snapshot the seed SYNCHRONOUSLY here — initFor runs inside the
// `session/created` emit, before any later `append` adds non-seed events.
// A clone freezes it against later mutation of the live event objects.
const seed = session.events.map(e => structuredClone(e))
const p = this.onCreated(session, seed)
// Attach a no-op rejection handler so a failing init (e.g. an id collision)
// does not surface as an unhandled rejection if no flush observes `p` before
// it rejects. The REAL error is still delivered: flush/dispose await the
// same `p` from the map and see the rejection there.
p.catch(() => { /* observed by flush/dispose via the stored promise */ })
this.inits.set(session, p)
return p
}
/**
* Whether a live `session`'s `seed` reproduces the first `cursor` persisted
* events. Reads the on-disk committed prefix and compares. A `cursor` of 0
* (nothing persisted yet) trivially matches. Used when a live session claims
* ownerless state left by a prior `load()`/`create()` — to reject a fresh,
* unrelated session that reuses the id and would otherwise have its seq
* 0..cursor-1 events filtered as already-written.
*/
private async seedMatchesPersisted(session: Session, seed: readonly SessionEvent[], cursor: number): Promise<boolean> {
if (cursor === 0) return true
const onDisk = await this.findLog(session.header.id, session.header.cwd)
/* v8 ignore next -- a cursor > 0 means the log was materialized, so it exists */
if (onDisk === undefined) return false
const { events: diskEvents } = scanLog(await readFile(onDisk.path))
return seedCoversPrefix(seed, diskEvents.slice(0, cursor))
}
/**
* On session/created: sync the backend's in-memory state to a live Session.
*
* Cases, by whether this backend tracks the id and whether a log is on disk:
* 1. Already in `states` (created here, or a prior load/resume) → no-op.
* 2. Not tracked, a log EXISTS on disk, and it is a seq-aligned PREFIX of the
* live session's current events → ADOPT it (HMR/reload): a fresh backend
* instance (empty `states`) meets a live session whose log a previous
* instance materialized; the live object already carries that history (it
* is the source of truth this run), so we continue from the stored length
* instead of re-creating. This keeps persistence alive across hot reload.
* 3. Not tracked, a log EXISTS on disk, but it is NOT a prefix of the live
* session's events → REJECT: a different session collides on the id. The
* SessionId is the identity, so two unrelated sessions sharing one is a
* bug, not a resume — fail loudly rather than clobber committed data.
* 4. Not tracked and NO log on disk → a genuinely new session: register its
* meta (lazy) and persist its `seed` once.
*
* The public `create(meta)` API is stricter still (rejects ANY on-disk id):
* there the caller asserts "brand new", so even a prefix match is a bug.
*
* The seed events were copied into the Session by its constructor WITHOUT
* emitting session/event, so the write-behind buffer never sees them — the
* one explicit `append(seed)` below is the only persistence of the seed.
* Events appended AFTER creation flow through the session/event buffer and
* are persisted by flush (filtered by the write cursor), never here.
*/
private async onCreated(session: Session, seed: readonly SessionEvent[]): Promise<void> {
const id = session.header.id
const tracked = this.states.get(id)
if (tracked !== undefined) {
// case 1: already tracked.
// (owner === session is a defensive same-object guard: initFor dedupes by
// session object, so onCreated never actually runs twice for one session.)
/* v8 ignore next -- initFor dedupes per session object; same-object re-entry can't occur */
if (tracked.owner === session) return
if (tracked.owner === undefined) {
// Ownerless state was created via the public create()/load() API. The
// FIRST live session to arrive claims it — but ONLY if its seed is the
// already-persisted prefix. A load() for preview leaves cursor at the
// persisted length; a fresh, unrelated session reusing that id has a
// seed shorter than (or not matching) that prefix, so flush would filter
// its seq 0..cursor-1 events as already-written and silently graft the
// new conversation onto the old log. Verify the seed covers the cursor.
if (!await this.seedMatchesPersisted(session, seed, tracked.cursor)) {
throw new Error(`session "${id}" is already persisted with ${tracked.cursor} event(s) that do not match this live session (id collision)`)
}
tracked.owner = session
// Persist the live seed SUFFIX beyond the persisted prefix. Constructor
// seed events (from sessions.create(id, { seed })) never emit
// session/event, so the write-behind buffer never sees them — without
// this they would be lost and a later flush would seq-mismatch. (cursor
// is 0 for a public create(), so this covers the whole seed there.)
const suffix = seed.slice(tracked.cursor)
if (suffix.length > 0) await this.append(id, suffix)
return
}
// The state is owned by a DIFFERENT live session. We may reclaim the id
// ONLY if that owner left nothing behind: never materialized a log (cursor
// 0, not materialized) AND has no write-behind buffer still pending. A
// session that appended events but was disposed before its first flush is
// NOT materialized yet but DOES have buffered events — reclaiming then
// would let that stale buffer drain against the new session's state
// (persisting old events under the new id, or dropping the new session's
// seq-0 events). Such an owner, and any materialized owner, is a real
// collision and rejects; only a truly-abandoned (artifact-free) id is
// freed, honoring lazy materialization's "leaves nothing behind" promise.
const ownerBuffer = this.buffers.get(tracked.owner)
if (!tracked.materialized && !ownerBuffer?.length) {
this.states.delete(id)
} else {
throw new Error(`session "${id}" is already bound to a different live session in this backend (id collision)`)
}
}
const onDisk = await this.findLog(id, session.header.cwd)
if (onDisk !== undefined) {
// Read the committed on-disk events and check they are a seq-aligned
// prefix of the live session (HMR re-seeing its own session) vs. an
// unrelated session colliding on the id.
const { events: diskEvents } = scanLog(await readFile(onDisk.path))
if (!seedCoversPrefix(seed, diskEvents)) {
// case 3: genuine collision — fail loudly rather than clobber.
throw new Error(`session "${id}" already has a persisted log on disk that does not match this live session (id collision)`)
}
// case 2: adopt. loadCore sets the state (cursor = committed length,
// repair offset if a crash tail exists).
await this.serialize(id, () => this.loadCore(id))
const adopted = this.states.get(id)
/* v8 ignore next -- loadCore always sets the state for the id */
if (adopted !== undefined) adopted.owner = session
// Persist the live SUFFIX beyond the on-disk prefix. These events live
// ONLY in `seed` (the live session was ahead of disk — mid-turn at
// reload, or events appended while the previous backend was disposed);
// this backend never buffered them via session/event, so without this
// they would be lost and the next flush (starting at a later seq) would
// mismatch or skip them.
const suffix = seed.slice(diskEvents.length)
if (suffix.length > 0) await this.append(id, suffix)
return
}
// case 4: a genuinely new session. Register its meta (lazy), then persist
// its seed (events present at creation time) once.
const meta: SessionMeta = { ...session.header, updatedAt: Date.now() }
await this.create(meta)
// Bind this state to the live session so a later DIFFERENT session reusing
// the id is detected as a collision (case 1) rather than silently no-opped.
const created = this.states.get(id)
/* v8 ignore next -- create() always sets the state for the id */
if (created !== undefined) created.owner = session
if (seed.length > 0) {
await this.append(id, seed)
}
}
private async flush(session: Session): Promise<void> {
// Wait for the session's init (onCreated) to finish so the state/cursor and
// any fork-seed persistence are in place before we drain. Awaiting the same
// promise initFor stored also surfaces an init failure (e.g. an id
// collision) here, where the caller of session/flush observes it.
await this.inits.get(session)
// Serialize the WHOLE drain (read cursor → append → splice) on the
// per-session chain. Two concurrent flushes (e.g. an idle inject()'s
// fire-and-forget flush racing an explicit checkpoint) would otherwise both
// read the same cursor, both compute the same `fresh` slice, and the second
// append would seq-mismatch against the cursor the first already advanced.
await this.serialize(session.header.id, () => this.drain(session))
}
/** Drain a session's write buffer to disk. Caller serializes this per id. */
private async drain(session: Session): Promise<void> {
const buffer = this.buffers.get(session)
if (!buffer?.length) return
// Copy WITHOUT removing: the buffer is the only durable-pending copy of
// these events (session/event does not re-emit). Splicing before the append
// means a failed append (disk error, or a seq mismatch after a dropped bad
// event) permanently loses a completed turn. Drain the buffer only AFTER
// the append commits; events pushed during the await sit past batch.length
// and survive the prefix splice, so a retry/dispose re-drains the rest.
const batch = buffer.slice()
const state = this.states.get(session.header.id)
// Only append events at or beyond the write cursor (a resumed session's
// seed is already on disk; the cursor was set to the loaded length). flush
// awaits the init above, which always sets state, so the `?? 0` fallback is
// a defensive guard that never fires in practice.
/* v8 ignore next -- state is always set by the awaited init before flush */
const cursor = state?.cursor ?? 0
const fresh = batch.filter(e => e.seq >= cursor)
// appendCore (NOT the serialized append) — drain already runs inside the
// per-session chain, so re-entering it via append() would deadlock.
if (fresh.length > 0) await this.appendCore(session.header.id, fresh)
buffer.splice(0, batch.length)
}
}
export default SessionPersistenceJsonl