Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/master' into codex/status-bar-token-metrics

Master independently refreshed the same stale web aria goldens this branch had absorbed in 08aa0ca54, so every conflict was golden-vs-golden with no source overlap. Goldens are recorded rather than merged: master's recordings win here, and the following commit re-records to reapply this branch's one added occupancy segment on top of them.
2026-07-30 14:49:20 +08:00
parent 8a8c1965d7 007659b78f
commit cbe36fdd98
56 changed files with 317 additions and 169 deletions
--- a/apps/web/tests/code-mode-round.e2e.ts
+++ b/apps/web/tests/code-mode-round.e2e.ts
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ import {
  captureStableAria, compareOrRefreshGolden, fixtureUserPrompts,
  launchWebScaffold, recordFixture, watchConsole, webSnapshotMode, type WebScaffold,
 } from './scaffold.ts'
-import { connectFreshWorkspace, saveFailureShot } from './support.ts'
+import { connectFreshWorkspace, newEnglishPage, saveFailureShot } from './support.ts'

 const FIXTURE = fileURLToPath(new URL('./snapshots/code-mode-round/session.jsonl', import.meta.url))
 const UI_EXPECTED = fileURLToPath(new URL('./snapshots/code-mode-round/ui.expected.md', import.meta.url))
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ describe('web e2e: Code Mode round renders nested sub-calls', () => {
    })
    scaffold.ctx.on('session/event', (_session, event: SessionEvent) => { sessionEvents.push(event) })
    browser = await chromium.launch()
-    page = await browser.newPage({ viewport: { width: 1680, height: 1000 } })
+    page = await newEnglishPage(browser)
    tripwire = watchConsole(page)
    await page.goto(scaffold.baseUrl, { waitUntil: 'load' })
    await page.waitForSelector('[class*="frame"]', { timeout: 30_000 })
--- a/apps/web/tests/cordis-tool-round.e2e.ts
+++ b/apps/web/tests/cordis-tool-round.e2e.ts
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import {
  captureStableAria, compareOrRefreshGolden, fixtureUserPrompts,
  launchWebScaffold, recordFixture, watchConsole, webSnapshotMode, type WebScaffold,
 } from './scaffold.ts'
-import { connectFreshWorkspace, saveFailureShot } from './support.ts'
+import { connectFreshWorkspace, newEnglishPage, saveFailureShot } from './support.ts'

 const FIXTURE = fileURLToPath(new URL('./snapshots/cordis-tool-round/session.jsonl', import.meta.url))
 const UI_EXPECTED = fileURLToPath(new URL('./snapshots/cordis-tool-round/ui.expected.md', import.meta.url))
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ describe('web e2e: Cordis tools use the generic row variants', () => {
    })
    scaffold.ctx.on('session/event', (_session, event: SessionEvent) => { sessionEvents.push(event) })
    browser = await chromium.launch()
-    page = await browser.newPage({ viewport: { width: 1680, height: 1000 } })
+    page = await newEnglishPage(browser)
    tripwire = watchConsole(page)
    await page.goto(scaffold.baseUrl, { waitUntil: 'load' })
    await page.waitForSelector('[class*="frame"]', { timeout: 30_000 })
--- a/apps/web/tests/details-session-lifecycle.e2e.ts
+++ b/apps/web/tests/details-session-lifecycle.e2e.ts
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import { afterAll, beforeAll, describe, expect, it, onTestFailed } from 'vitest'
 import {
  fixtureUserPrompts, launchWebScaffold, seedSession, watchConsole, webSnapshotMode, type WebScaffold,
 } from './scaffold.ts'
-import { connectFreshWorkspace, saveFailureShot } from './support.ts'
+import { connectFreshWorkspace, newEnglishPage, saveFailureShot } from './support.ts'

 const FIXTURE = fileURLToPath(new URL('./snapshots/lifecycle-chrome/session.jsonl', import.meta.url))
 const SEED_FIXTURE = fileURLToPath(new URL('./snapshots/seeded-history/seed.jsonl', import.meta.url))
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ describe.skipIf(MODE === 'record')('web e2e: details panel follows the current S
    scaffold = await launchWebScaffold({ replayFixture: FIXTURE, paceMs: 5 })
    await seedSession(scaffold, await readFile(SEED_FIXTURE, 'utf8'), 'details-session-lifecycle-seed')
    browser = await chromium.launch()
-    page = await browser.newPage({ viewport: { width: 1680, height: 1000 } })
+    page = await newEnglishPage(browser)
    tripwire = watchConsole(page)
    await page.goto(scaffold.baseUrl, { waitUntil: 'load' })
    await appFrame(page).waitFor({ timeout: 30_000 })
--- a/apps/web/tests/lifecycle-chrome.e2e.ts
+++ b/apps/web/tests/lifecycle-chrome.e2e.ts
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ import {
  acknowledgeReloadConnectionLoss, assertFixtureInventory, captureStableAria, compareOrRefreshGolden, fixtureUserPrompts,
  launchWebScaffold, recordFixture, watchConsole, webSnapshotMode, type WebScaffold,
 } from './scaffold.ts'
-import { connectFreshWorkspace, saveFailureShot } from './support.ts'
+import { connectFreshWorkspace, newEnglishPage, saveFailureShot } from './support.ts'

 const SNAPSHOT_DIR = fileURLToPath(new URL('./snapshots/lifecycle-chrome', import.meta.url))
 const FIXTURE = join(SNAPSHOT_DIR, 'session.jsonl')
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ describe('web e2e: lifecycle & chrome (workspace flow / reload / dark mode)', ()
    scaffold = await launchWebScaffold(MODE === 'record' ? {} : { replayFixture: FIXTURE, paceMs: 15 })
    scaffold.ctx.on('session/event', (_session, event: SessionEvent) => { sessionEvents.push(event) })
    browser = await chromium.launch()
-    page = await browser.newPage({ viewport: { width: 1680, height: 1000 } })
+    page = await newEnglishPage(browser)
    tripwire = watchConsole(page)
    await page.goto(scaffold.baseUrl, { waitUntil: 'load' })
    await page.waitForSelector('[class*="frame"]', { timeout: 30_000 })
--- a/apps/web/tests/live-interactions.e2e.ts
+++ b/apps/web/tests/live-interactions.e2e.ts
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ import {
  assertFixtureInventory, captureStableAria, compareOrRefreshGolden, fixtureUserPrompts,
  launchWebScaffold, recordFixture, watchConsole, webSnapshotMode, type WebScaffold,
 } from './scaffold.ts'
-import { connectFreshWorkspace, saveFailureShot } from './support.ts'
+import { connectFreshWorkspace, newEnglishPage, saveFailureShot } from './support.ts'

 const SNAPSHOT_DIR = fileURLToPath(new URL('./snapshots/live-interactions', import.meta.url))
 const FIXTURE = join(SNAPSHOT_DIR, 'session.jsonl')
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ describe('web e2e: live-turn interactions (cancel / error / retry)', () => {
    })
    scaffold.ctx.on('session/event', (_session, event: SessionEvent) => { sessionEvents.push(event) })
    browser = await chromium.launch()
-    page = await browser.newPage({ viewport: { width: 1680, height: 1000 } })
+    page = await newEnglishPage(browser)
    tripwire = watchConsole(page)
    await page.goto(scaffold.baseUrl, { waitUntil: 'load' })
    await page.waitForSelector('[class*="frame"]', { timeout: 30_000 })
--- a/apps/web/tests/message-actions.e2e.ts
+++ b/apps/web/tests/message-actions.e2e.ts
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import {
  assertFixtureInventory, captureStableAria, compareOrRefreshGolden, fixtureUserPrompts,
  launchWebScaffold, seedSession, watchConsole, webSnapshotMode, type WebScaffold,
 } from './scaffold.ts'
-import { saveFailureShot } from './support.ts'
+import { newEnglishPage, saveFailureShot } from './support.ts'

 const SNAPSHOT_DIR = fileURLToPath(new URL('./snapshots/message-actions', import.meta.url))
 // Borrowed read-only: this scenario needs any settled user+assistant pair, not
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ describe('web e2e: message IconActions and clocks on settled history', () => {
    expect(fixtureUserPrompts(raw), 'borrowed seed must carry the drive prompt').toEqual([PROMPT])
    await seedSession(scaffold, raw, SEED_ID)
    browser = await chromium.launch()
-    page = await browser.newPage({ viewport: { width: 1680, height: 1000 } })
+    page = await newEnglishPage(browser)
    tripwire = watchConsole(page)
    await page.goto(scaffold.baseUrl, { waitUntil: 'load' })
    await page.waitForSelector('[class*="frame"]', { timeout: 30_000 })
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ describe('web e2e: message IconActions and clocks on settled history', () => {
  it.skipIf(MODE === 'record')('matches the conversation aria golden with IconActions and clocks', async () => {
    onTestFailed(() => saveFailureShot(page, 'web-e2e-message-actions-aria'))
    await page.getByRole('button', {
-      name: '选择模型，当前 deepseek-v4-flash',
+      name: 'Select model, current deepseek-v4-flash',
    }).waitFor({ timeout: 10_000 })
    // Keep a footer focused so opacity-hidden actions stay in the a11y tree
    // as an active/focused control during the capture.
--- a/apps/web/tests/navigation-panes.e2e.ts
+++ b/apps/web/tests/navigation-panes.e2e.ts
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ import {
  assertFixtureInventory, captureStableAria, compareOrRefreshGolden, fixtureUserPrompts,
  launchWebScaffold, recordFixture, seedSession, watchConsole, webSnapshotMode, type WebScaffold,
 } from './scaffold.ts'
-import { saveFailureShot } from './support.ts'
+import { newEnglishPage, saveFailureShot } from './support.ts'

 const SNAPSHOT_DIR = fileURLToPath(new URL('./snapshots/navigation-panes', import.meta.url))
 const SEED = join(SNAPSHOT_DIR, 'seed.jsonl')
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ describe('web e2e: navigation & panes over a rich seeded session', () => {
      await seedSession(scaffold, raw, SEED_ID)
    }
    browser = await chromium.launch()
-    page = await browser.newPage({ viewport: { width: 1680, height: 1000 } })
+    page = await newEnglishPage(browser)
    tripwire = watchConsole(page)
    slotErrors = []
    page.on('console', (message) => {
--- a/apps/web/tests/question-composer.e2e.ts
+++ b/apps/web/tests/question-composer.e2e.ts
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ import {
  assertFixtureInventory, captureStableAria, compareOrRefreshGolden, fixtureUserPrompts,
  launchWebScaffold, recordFixture, watchConsole, webSnapshotMode, type WebScaffold,
 } from './scaffold.ts'
-import { connectFreshWorkspace, saveFailureShot } from './support.ts'
+import { connectFreshWorkspace, newEnglishPage, saveFailureShot } from './support.ts'

 const SNAPSHOT_DIR = fileURLToPath(new URL('./snapshots/question-composer', import.meta.url))
 const FIXTURE = join(SNAPSHOT_DIR, 'session.jsonl')
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ describe('web e2e: resident question composer round trip', () => {
    scaffold = await launchWebScaffold(MODE === 'record' ? {} : { replayFixture: FIXTURE, paceMs: 15 })
    scaffold.ctx.on('session/event', (_session, event: SessionEvent) => { sessionEvents.push(event) })
    browser = await chromium.launch()
-    page = await browser.newPage({ viewport: { width: 1680, height: 1000 } })
+    page = await newEnglishPage(browser)
    tripwire = watchConsole(page)
    await page.goto(scaffold.baseUrl, { waitUntil: 'load' })
    await page.waitForSelector('[class*="frame"]', { timeout: 30_000 })
--- a/apps/web/tests/queue-actions.e2e.ts
+++ b/apps/web/tests/queue-actions.e2e.ts
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ import {
  assertFixtureInventory, captureStableAria, compareOrRefreshGolden,
  launchWebScaffold, watchConsole, webSnapshotMode, type WebScaffold,
 } from './scaffold.ts'
-import { connectFreshWorkspace, saveFailureShot } from './support.ts'
+import { connectFreshWorkspace, newEnglishPage, saveFailureShot } from './support.ts'

 const SNAPSHOT_DIR = fileURLToPath(new URL('./snapshots/queue-actions', import.meta.url))
 const FIXTURE = fileURLToPath(new URL('./snapshots/live-interactions/session.jsonl', import.meta.url))
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ describe('web e2e: queue row actions', () => {
    scaffold = await launchWebScaffold({ replayFixture: FIXTURE, replayOverride: overridePath })
    scaffold.ctx.on('session/event', (_session, event: SessionEvent) => { sessionEvents.push(event) })
    browser = await chromium.launch()
-    page = await browser.newPage({ viewport: { width: 1680, height: 1000 } })
+    page = await newEnglishPage(browser)
    const tripwire = watchConsole(page)
    await page.goto(scaffold.baseUrl, { waitUntil: 'load' })
    await page.waitForSelector('[class*="frame"]', { timeout: 30_000 })
--- a/apps/web/tests/replay-round-trip.e2e.ts
+++ b/apps/web/tests/replay-round-trip.e2e.ts
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ import {
  assertFixtureInventory, captureStableAria, compareOrRefreshGolden, fixtureUserPrompts,
  launchWebScaffold, recordFixture, watchConsole, webSnapshotMode, type WebScaffold,
 } from './scaffold.ts'
-import { connectFreshWorkspace, saveFailureShot } from './support.ts'
+import { connectFreshWorkspace, newEnglishPage, saveFailureShot } from './support.ts'

 const SNAPSHOT_DIR = fileURLToPath(new URL('./snapshots/fresh-round-trip', import.meta.url))
 const FIXTURE = fileURLToPath(new URL('./snapshots/fresh-round-trip/session.jsonl', import.meta.url))
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ describe('web e2e: fresh round trip through the real assembly', () => {
    })
    scaffold.ctx.on('session/event', (_session, event: SessionEvent) => { sessionEvents.push(event) })
    browser = await chromium.launch()
-    page = await browser.newPage({ viewport: { width: 1680, height: 1000 } })
+    page = await newEnglishPage(browser)
    tripwire = watchConsole(page)
    await page.goto(scaffold.baseUrl, { waitUntil: 'load' })
    await page.waitForSelector('[class*="frame"]', { timeout: 30_000 })
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ describe('web e2e: fresh round trip through the real assembly', () => {
    await expect(page.getByRole('textbox').first().isVisible()).resolves.toBe(true)
    expect(await page.getByText('WEB_E2E_OK', { exact: false }).count()).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(1)
    await page.getByRole('button', {
-      name: '选择模型，当前 DeepSeek-V4-Flash',
+      name: 'Select model, current DeepSeek-V4-Flash',
    }).waitFor({ timeout: 10_000 })
    const snapshot = await captureStableAria(page, '[class*="centerCol"]', scaffold.workspaceCwd)
    await compareOrRefreshGolden(UI_EXPECTED, snapshot, MODE)
--- a/apps/web/tests/seeded-history.e2e.ts
+++ b/apps/web/tests/seeded-history.e2e.ts
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ import {
  assertFixtureInventory, captureStableAria, compareOrRefreshGolden, fixtureUserPrompts,
  launchWebScaffold, recordFixture, seedSession, watchConsole, webSnapshotMode, type WebScaffold,
 } from './scaffold.ts'
-import { saveFailureShot } from './support.ts'
+import { newEnglishPage, saveFailureShot } from './support.ts'

 const SNAPSHOT_DIR = fileURLToPath(new URL('./snapshots/seeded-history', import.meta.url))
 const SEED = fileURLToPath(new URL('./snapshots/seeded-history/seed.jsonl', import.meta.url))
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ describe('web e2e: seeded history renders through cold resume', () => {
      await seedSession(scaffold, raw, SEED_ID)
    }
    browser = await chromium.launch()
-    page = await browser.newPage({ viewport: { width: 1680, height: 1000 } })
+    page = await newEnglishPage(browser)
    tripwire = watchConsole(page)
    await page.goto(scaffold.baseUrl, { waitUntil: 'load' })
    await page.waitForSelector('[class*="frame"]', { timeout: 30_000 })
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ describe('web e2e: seeded history renders through cold resume', () => {
      // This scenario deliberately leaves the LLM seam open to prove zero
      // model calls. History still restores the selected id, but no catalog
      // adapter exists to provide its presentation name.
-      name: '选择模型，当前 deepseek-v4-flash',
+      name: 'Select model, current deepseek-v4-flash',
    }).waitFor({ timeout: 10_000 })
    const snapshot = (await captureStableAria(page, '[class*="centerCol"]', scaffold.workspaceCwd))
      .split(SEED_ID).join('{{seededId}}')
--- a/apps/web/tests/sidebar-scrollbar.e2e.ts
+++ b/apps/web/tests/sidebar-scrollbar.e2e.ts
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ import {
  assertFixtureInventory, compareOrRefreshGolden, launchWebScaffold, seedSession, watchConsole,
  webSnapshotMode, type WebScaffold,
 } from './scaffold.ts'
-import { saveFailureShot } from './support.ts'
+import { newEnglishPage, saveFailureShot } from './support.ts'

 const SEED = fileURLToPath(new URL('./snapshots/seeded-history/seed.jsonl', import.meta.url))
 const SNAPSHOT_DIR = fileURLToPath(new URL('./snapshots/sidebar-scrollbar', import.meta.url))
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ describe('web e2e: sidebar session list scrollbar (reserved gutter / themed thum
    browser = await chromium.launch()
    // Shorter than the other scenarios' 1000px so SEED_COUNT rows overflow
    // the list with room to spare.
-    page = await browser.newPage({ viewport: { width: 1680, height: 800 } })
+    page = await newEnglishPage(browser, 800)
    tripwire = watchConsole(page)
    await page.goto(scaffold.baseUrl, { waitUntil: 'load' })
    await page.waitForSelector('[class*="frame"]', { timeout: 30_000 })
--- a/apps/web/tests/skill-invocation-policy.e2e.ts
+++ b/apps/web/tests/skill-invocation-policy.e2e.ts
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ import {
  webSnapshotMode,
  type WebScaffold,
 } from './scaffold.ts'
-import { connectFreshWorkspace, saveFailureShot } from './support.ts'
+import { connectFreshWorkspace, newEnglishPage, saveFailureShot } from './support.ts'

 const SNAPSHOT_DIR = fileURLToPath(new URL('./snapshots/skill-invocation-policy', import.meta.url))
 const MENU_EXPECTED = join(SNAPSHOT_DIR, 'menu.expected.md')
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ describe('web e2e: skill invocation policy through the real host', () => {
    scaffold = await launchWebScaffold({})
    await seedSkills(scaffold.workspaceCwd)
    browser = await chromium.launch()
-    page = await browser.newPage({ viewport: { width: 1680, height: 1000 } })
+    page = await newEnglishPage(browser)
    tripwire = watchConsole(page)
    await page.goto(scaffold.baseUrl, { waitUntil: 'load' })
    await page.waitForSelector('[class*="frame"]', { timeout: 30_000 })
--- a/apps/web/tests/smoke-real.e2e.ts
+++ b/apps/web/tests/smoke-real.e2e.ts
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ import { pathToFileURL } from 'node:url'
 import type { Browser, Page } from 'playwright'
 import { chromium } from 'playwright'
 import { afterAll, beforeAll, describe, expect, it, onTestFailed } from 'vitest'
-import { REPO_ROOT, connectFreshWorkspace, probeFreePort, requireDist, saveFailureShot } from './support.ts'
+import { REPO_ROOT, connectFreshWorkspace, newEnglishPage, probeFreePort, requireDist, saveFailureShot } from './support.ts'

 function waitForReadyLine(child: ChildProcess): Promise<string> {
  return new Promise((resolveReady, reject) => {
@@ -376,7 +376,7 @@ describe.skipIf(!process.env.DEEPSEEK_API_KEY || notReady.length > 0)('web smoke
    )
    baseUrl = (await waitForReadyLine(child)).replace('0.0.0.0', '127.0.0.1')
    browser = await chromium.launch()
-    page = await browser.newPage({ viewport: { width: 1680, height: 1000 } })
+    page = await newEnglishPage(browser)
    page.on('pageerror', e => pageErrors.push(String(e)))
    await page.goto(baseUrl, { waitUntil: 'load' })
  }, 120_000)
--- a/apps/web/tests/snapshots/code-mode-round/ui.expected.md
+++ b/apps/web/tests/snapshots/code-mode-round/ui.expected.md
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@
  - img
 - button "编辑":
  - img
- button "▸ 上下文注入"
 - 'button "Think The user wants me to write a single `run_code` program that:"':
  - img
  - img
@@ -33,12 +32,12 @@
 - button "在新对话中分支":
  - img
 - text: {{clock}}
- textbox "给智能体发消息"
+- textbox "Message the agent"
 - button "Add attachment":
  - img
 - 'button "Access mode, current: Danger Full Access"': Danger Full Access
- button "选择模型，当前 DeepSeek-V4-Flash":
+- button "Select model, current DeepSeek-V4-Flash":
  - text: DeepSeek-V4-Flash
  - img
 - button "Send message" [disabled]
- text: 1 turns · 2 steps Tool call {{duration}} Context 7% of 128K Cache hit 52% Input 17.2K tok · Output 252 tok
+- text: 1 turns · 2 steps Tool call {{duration}} Cache hit 52% Input 17.2K tok · Output 252 tok
--- a/apps/web/tests/snapshots/cordis-tool-round/ui.expected.md
+++ b/apps/web/tests/snapshots/cordis-tool-round/ui.expected.md
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@
  - img
 - button "编辑":
  - img
- button "▸ 上下文注入"
 - button "Think The user wants me to:":
  - img
  - img
@@ -47,12 +46,12 @@
 - button "在新对话中分支":
  - img
 - text: {{clock}}
- textbox "给智能体发消息"
+- textbox "Message the agent"
 - button "Add attachment":
  - img
 - 'button "Access mode, current: Danger Full Access"': Danger Full Access
- button "选择模型，当前 DeepSeek-V4-Flash":
+- button "Select model, current DeepSeek-V4-Flash":
  - text: DeepSeek-V4-Flash
  - img
 - button "Send message" [disabled]
- text: 1 turns · 4 steps Tool call {{duration}} Context 13% of 128K Cache hit 77% Input 66.5K tok · Output 312 tok
+- text: 1 turns · 4 steps Tool call {{duration}} Cache hit 77% Input 66.5K tok · Output 312 tok
--- a/apps/web/tests/snapshots/fresh-round-trip/ui.expected.md
+++ b/apps/web/tests/snapshots/fresh-round-trip/ui.expected.md
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@
  - img
 - button "编辑":
  - img
- button "▸ 上下文注入"
 - button "Think The user wants me to run a simple bash command and reply with \"DONE\".":
  - img
  - img
@@ -30,12 +29,12 @@
 - button "在新对话中分支":
  - img
 - text: {{clock}}
- textbox "给智能体发消息"
+- textbox "Message the agent"
 - button "Add attachment":
  - img
 - 'button "Access mode, current: Danger Full Access"': Danger Full Access
- button "选择模型，当前 DeepSeek-V4-Flash":
+- button "Select model, current DeepSeek-V4-Flash":
  - text: DeepSeek-V4-Flash
  - img
 - button "Send message" [disabled]
- text: 1 turns · 2 steps Tool call {{duration}} Context 6% of 128K Cache hit 99% Input 15.7K tok · Output 111 tok
+- text: 1 turns · 2 steps Tool call {{duration}} Cache hit 99% Input 15.7K tok · Output 111 tok
--- a/apps/web/tests/snapshots/lifecycle-chrome/hero.expected.md
+++ b/apps/web/tests/snapshots/lifecycle-chrome/hero.expected.md
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
- button "新建会话"
- button "收起侧边栏":
+- button "New session"
+- button "Collapse sidebar":
  - img
- button "新建会话":
+- button "New session":
  - img
-  - text: 新会话
+  - text: New Session
 - text: Workspaces
 - button "Group by":
  - img
@@ -17,9 +17,9 @@
    - img
    - text: workspace 1 session
  - treeitem "New Session now" [selected]
- button "设置":
+- button "Settings":
  - img
-  - text: 设置
+  - text: Settings
 - text: Let's start building
 - button "Choose workspace":
  - img
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 - button "Add attachment":
  - img
 - 'button "Access mode, current: Danger Full Access"': Danger Full Access
- button "选择模型，当前 DeepSeek-V4-Flash":
+- button "Select model, current DeepSeek-V4-Flash":
  - text: DeepSeek-V4-Flash
  - img
 - button "Send message" [disabled]
--- a/apps/web/tests/snapshots/lifecycle-chrome/reloaded.expected.md
+++ b/apps/web/tests/snapshots/lifecycle-chrome/reloaded.expected.md
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@
  - img
 - button "编辑":
  - img
- button "▸ 上下文注入"
 - button "Think The user wants me to reply with a single word. Let me comply.":
  - img
  - img
@@ -22,12 +21,12 @@
 - button "在新对话中分支":
  - img
 - text: {{clock}}
- textbox "给智能体发消息"
+- textbox "Message the agent"
 - button "Add attachment":
  - img
 - 'button "Access mode, current: Danger Full Access"': Danger Full Access
- button "选择模型，当前 DeepSeek-V4-Flash":
+- button "Select model, current DeepSeek-V4-Flash":
  - text: DeepSeek-V4-Flash
  - img
 - button "Send message" [disabled]
- text: 1 turns · 1 steps Context 6% of 128K Cache hit 99% Input 7.8K tok · Output 21 tok
+- text: 1 turns · 1 steps Cache hit 99% Input 7.8K tok · Output 21 tok
--- a/apps/web/tests/snapshots/live-interactions/cancel.expected.md
+++ b/apps/web/tests/snapshots/live-interactions/cancel.expected.md
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@
  - img
 - button "编辑":
  - img
- button "▸ 上下文注入"
 - paragraph: partial
 - text: 已停止
 - button "复制":
@@ -19,12 +18,12 @@
 - button "在新对话中分支":
  - img
 - text: {{clock}}
- textbox "给智能体发消息"
+- textbox "Message the agent"
 - button "Add attachment":
  - img
 - 'button "Access mode, current: Danger Full Access"': Danger Full Access
- button "选择模型，当前 DeepSeek-V4-Flash":
+- button "Select model, current DeepSeek-V4-Flash":
  - text: DeepSeek-V4-Flash
  - img
 - button "Send message" [disabled]
- text: 1 turns · 1 steps Context 0% of 128K Input 0 tok · Output 0 tok
+- text: 1 turns · 1 steps Input 0 tok · Output 0 tok
--- a/apps/web/tests/snapshots/live-interactions/error-auth.expected.md
+++ b/apps/web/tests/snapshots/live-interactions/error-auth.expected.md
@@ -11,12 +11,11 @@
  - img
 - button "编辑":
  - img
- button "▸ 上下文注入"
- textbox "给智能体发消息"
+- textbox "Message the agent"
 - button "Add attachment":
  - img
 - 'button "Access mode, current: Danger Full Access"': Danger Full Access
- button "选择模型，当前 DeepSeek-V4-Flash":
+- button "Select model, current DeepSeek-V4-Flash":
  - text: DeepSeek-V4-Flash
  - img
 - button "Send message" [disabled]
--- a/apps/web/tests/snapshots/live-interactions/retry.expected.md
+++ b/apps/web/tests/snapshots/live-interactions/retry.expected.md
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@
  - img
 - button "编辑":
  - img
- button "▸ 上下文注入"
 - button "Think The user is asking for a one-sentence description of event sourcing. This is a straightforward knowledge question that doesn't require any skill loading or tool calls.":
  - img
  - img
@@ -22,12 +21,12 @@
 - button "在新对话中分支":
  - img
 - text: {{clock}}
- textbox "给智能体发消息"
+- textbox "Message the agent"
 - button "Add attachment":
  - img
 - 'button "Access mode, current: Danger Full Access"': Danger Full Access
- button "选择模型，当前 DeepSeek-V4-Flash":
+- button "Select model, current DeepSeek-V4-Flash":
  - text: DeepSeek-V4-Flash
  - img
 - button "Send message" [disabled]
- text: 1 turns · 1 steps Context 6% of 128K Cache hit 99% Input 7.8K tok · Output 79 tok
+- text: 1 turns · 1 steps Cache hit 99% Input 7.8K tok · Output 79 tok
--- a/apps/web/tests/snapshots/message-actions/ui.expected.md
+++ b/apps/web/tests/snapshots/message-actions/ui.expected.md
@@ -32,11 +32,11 @@
 - button "在新对话中分支":
  - img
 - text: {{clock}}
- textbox "给智能体发消息"
+- textbox "Message the agent"
 - button "Add attachment":
  - img
 - 'button "Access mode, current: Danger Full Access"': Danger Full Access
- button "选择模型，当前 deepseek-v4-flash":
+- button "Select model, current deepseek-v4-flash":
  - text: deepseek-v4-flash
  - img
 - button "Send message" [disabled]
--- a/apps/web/tests/snapshots/question-composer/answered.expected.md
+++ b/apps/web/tests/snapshots/question-composer/answered.expected.md
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@
  - img
 - button "编辑":
  - img
- button "▸ 上下文注入"
 - button "Think The user wants me to use the ask_user_question tool with specific parameters. Let me do exactly that.":
  - img
  - img
@@ -30,12 +29,12 @@
 - button "在新对话中分支":
  - img
 - text: {{clock}}
- textbox "给智能体发消息"
+- textbox "Message the agent"
 - button "Add attachment":
  - img
 - 'button "Access mode, current: Danger Full Access"': Danger Full Access
- button "选择模型，当前 DeepSeek-V4-Flash":
+- button "Select model, current DeepSeek-V4-Flash":
  - text: DeepSeek-V4-Flash
  - img
 - button "Send message" [disabled]
- text: 1 turns · 2 steps Tool call {{duration}} Context 3% of 128K Cache hit 95% Input 8.6K tok · Output 180 tok
+- text: 1 turns · 2 steps Tool call {{duration}} Cache hit 95% Input 8.6K tok · Output 180 tok
--- a/apps/web/tests/snapshots/question-composer/ui.expected.md
+++ b/apps/web/tests/snapshots/question-composer/ui.expected.md
@@ -2,11 +2,11 @@
  - text: Pick one
  - heading "Which color do you prefer?" [level=2]
  - text: 1 / 1
-  - button "上一题" [disabled]:
+  - button "Previous question" [disabled]:
    - img
-  - button "下一题" [disabled]:
+  - button "Next question" [disabled]:
    - img
-  - button "放弃整组问题":
+  - button "Dismiss all questions":
    - img
  - radiogroup:
    - radio "Blue":
@@ -15,9 +15,9 @@
    - radio "Green":
      - text: 2 Green A restful mid-spectrum hue with the highest perceived brightness, easiest on the eye over long sessions.
      - img
-    - button "其他，请填写自定义答案":
+    - button "Other — enter a custom answer":
      - img
-      - text: 其他，请填写自定义答案
+      - text: Other — enter a custom answer
  - status
-  - button "跳过本题"
-  - button "提交" [disabled]
+  - button "Skip this question"
+  - button "Submit" [disabled]
--- a/apps/web/tests/snapshots/queue-actions/editing.expected.md
+++ b/apps/web/tests/snapshots/queue-actions/editing.expected.md
@@ -26,11 +26,11 @@
      - img
    - button "取消编辑":
      - img
- textbox "给智能体发消息"
+- textbox "Message the agent"
 - button "Add attachment":
  - img
 - 'button "Access mode, current: Danger Full Access"': Danger Full Access
- button "选择模型，当前 DeepSeek-V4-Flash":
+- button "Select model, current DeepSeek-V4-Flash":
  - text: DeepSeek-V4-Flash
  - img
 - button "Stop generating"
--- a/apps/web/tests/snapshots/queue-actions/ui.expected.md
+++ b/apps/web/tests/snapshots/queue-actions/ui.expected.md
@@ -20,11 +20,11 @@
      - img
    - button "删除排队消息":
      - img
- textbox "给智能体发消息"
+- textbox "Message the agent"
 - button "Add attachment":
  - img
 - 'button "Access mode, current: Danger Full Access"': Danger Full Access
- button "选择模型，当前 DeepSeek-V4-Flash":
+- button "Select model, current DeepSeek-V4-Flash":
  - text: DeepSeek-V4-Flash
  - img
 - button "Stop generating"
--- a/apps/web/tests/snapshots/seeded-history/ui.expected.md
+++ b/apps/web/tests/snapshots/seeded-history/ui.expected.md
@@ -31,11 +31,11 @@
 - button "在新对话中分支":
  - img
 - text: {{clock}}
- textbox "给智能体发消息"
+- textbox "Message the agent"
 - button "Add attachment":
  - img
 - 'button "Access mode, current: Danger Full Access"': Danger Full Access
- button "选择模型，当前 deepseek-v4-flash":
+- button "Select model, current deepseek-v4-flash":
  - text: deepseek-v4-flash
  - img
 - button "Send message" [disabled]
--- a/apps/web/tests/snapshots/skill-invocation-policy/menu.expected.md
+++ b/apps/web/tests/snapshots/skill-invocation-policy/menu.expected.md
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 - listbox "Trigger suggestions":
-  - text: 技能
+  - text: Skills
  - option "policy-shared Available to both model and user invocation" [selected]
--- a/apps/web/tests/snapshots/steering/mid-steer.expected.md
+++ b/apps/web/tests/snapshots/steering/mid-steer.expected.md
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@
  - img
 - button "编辑":
  - img
- button "▸ 上下文注入"
 - button "Think The user wants me to use the ask_user_question tool to ask them a specific question with the given parameters. Let me do exactly that.":
  - img
  - img
@@ -24,11 +23,11 @@
  - text: Checkpoint
  - heading "Ready to continue?" [level=2]
  - text: 1 / 1
-  - button "上一题" [disabled]:
+  - button "Previous question" [disabled]:
    - img
-  - button "下一题" [disabled]:
+  - button "Next question" [disabled]:
    - img
-  - button "放弃整组问题":
+  - button "Dismiss all questions":
    - img
  - radiogroup:
    - radio "Yes":
@@ -37,9 +36,9 @@
    - radio "No":
      - text: 2 No
      - img
-    - button "其他，请填写自定义答案":
+    - button "Other — enter a custom answer":
      - img
-      - text: 其他，请填写自定义答案
+      - text: Other — enter a custom answer
  - status
-  - button "跳过本题"
-  - button "提交" [disabled]
+  - button "Skip this question"
+  - button "Submit" [disabled]
--- a/apps/web/tests/snapshots/steering/settled.expected.md
+++ b/apps/web/tests/snapshots/steering/settled.expected.md
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@
  - img
 - button "编辑":
  - img
- button "▸ 上下文注入"
 - button "Think The user wants me to use the ask_user_question tool to ask them a specific question with the given parameters. Let me do exactly that.":
  - img
  - img
@@ -30,12 +29,12 @@
 - button "在新对话中分支":
  - img
 - text: {{clock}}
- textbox "给智能体发消息"
+- textbox "Message the agent"
 - button "Add attachment":
  - img
 - 'button "Access mode, current: Danger Full Access"': Danger Full Access
- button "选择模型，当前 DeepSeek-V4-Flash":
+- button "Select model, current DeepSeek-V4-Flash":
  - text: DeepSeek-V4-Flash
  - img
 - button "Send message" [disabled]
- text: 1 turns · 2 steps Tool call {{duration}} Context 6% of 128K Cache hit 98% Input 15.8K tok · Output 156 tok
+- text: 1 turns · 2 steps Tool call {{duration}} Cache hit 98% Input 15.8K tok · Output 156 tok
--- a/apps/web/tests/snapshots/workspace-management/directory-browser.expected.md
+++ b/apps/web/tests/snapshots/workspace-management/directory-browser.expected.md
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
- dialog "选择工作区目录":
-  - heading "选择工作区目录" [level=2]
+- dialog "Select Workspace Directory":
+  - heading "Select Workspace Directory" [level=2]
  - navigation:
-    - button "主目录"
+    - button "Home"
    - img
    - button "browse-golden"
-  - button "编辑路径"
+  - button "Edit path"
  - list:
    - listitem:
      - button "alpha":
@@ -16,8 +16,8 @@
        - img
        - text: beta
        - img
-  - button "新建文件夹":
+  - button "New folder":
    - img
-    - text: 新建文件夹
-  - button "取消"
-  - button "打开"
+    - text: New folder
+  - button "Cancel"
+  - button "Open"
--- a/apps/web/tests/steering.e2e.ts
+++ b/apps/web/tests/steering.e2e.ts
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ import {
  assertFixtureInventory, captureStableAria, compareOrRefreshGolden, fixtureUserPrompts,
  launchWebScaffold, recordFixture, watchConsole, webSnapshotMode, type WebScaffold,
 } from './scaffold.ts'
-import { connectFreshWorkspace, saveFailureShot } from './support.ts'
+import { connectFreshWorkspace, newEnglishPage, saveFailureShot } from './support.ts'

 const SNAPSHOT_DIR = fileURLToPath(new URL('./snapshots/steering', import.meta.url))
 const FIXTURE = join(SNAPSHOT_DIR, 'session.jsonl')
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ describe('web e2e: mid-turn steering lands durably and visibly', () => {
      sessionEvents.push(event)
    })
    browser = await chromium.launch()
-    page = await browser.newPage({ viewport: { width: 1680, height: 1000 } })
+    page = await newEnglishPage(browser)
    tripwire = watchConsole(page)
    await page.goto(scaffold.baseUrl, { waitUntil: 'load' })
    await page.waitForSelector('[class*="frame"]', { timeout: 30_000 })
--- a/apps/web/tests/support.ts
+++ b/apps/web/tests/support.ts
@@ -2,13 +2,28 @@
 import { existsSync, mkdirSync } from 'node:fs'
 import { createServer } from 'node:net'
 import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
-import type { Page } from 'playwright'
+import type { Browser, Page } from 'playwright'

 /** The built page under test; `pnpm run test:web` rebuilds it before running. */
 export const DIST_INDEX = fileURLToPath(new URL('../dist/index.html', import.meta.url))

 export const REPO_ROOT = fileURLToPath(new URL('../../..', import.meta.url))

+/**
+ * Open the standard browser-test page with English selected before client
+ * boot. This keeps role locators and goldens deterministic across localized
+ * component migrations; the settings locale scenario deliberately bypasses
+ * this helper to cover the product's default Chinese state.
+ * @param browser - Playwright browser owning the page.
+ * @param height - Viewport height; width is fixed to the lane baseline.
+ * @returns the initialized page.
+ */
+export async function newEnglishPage(browser: Browser, height = 1000): Promise<Page> {
+  const page = await browser.newPage({ viewport: { width: 1680, height } })
+  await page.addInitScript(() => { localStorage.setItem('dsh.locale', 'en') })
+  return page
+}
+
 /** Fail loud on a stale checkout instead of testing yesterday's bundle. */
 export function requireDist(): void {
  if (!existsSync(DIST_INDEX)) {
--- a/apps/web/tests/workspace-management.e2e.ts
+++ b/apps/web/tests/workspace-management.e2e.ts
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ import {
  acknowledgeReloadConnectionLoss, assertFixtureInventory, captureStableAria, compareOrRefreshGolden,
  launchWebScaffold, seedSession, watchConsole, webSnapshotMode, type WebScaffold,
 } from './scaffold.ts'
-import { saveFailureShot } from './support.ts'
+import { newEnglishPage, saveFailureShot } from './support.ts'

 const SNAPSHOT_DIR = fileURLToPath(new URL('./snapshots/workspace-management', import.meta.url))
 // The seed is another scenario's committed fixture, reused read-only: this
@@ -42,12 +42,12 @@ describe('web e2e: workspace management (create / rename / flat view / hover car
    const agentsBefore = scaffold.ctx.agents.list().length
    await page.getByRole('button', { name: 'Create workspace' }).click()
    await page.getByRole('menuitem', { name: 'Open local folder…' }).click()
-    const dialog = page.getByRole('dialog', { name: '选择工作区目录' })
+    const dialog = page.getByRole('dialog', { name: 'Select Workspace Directory' })
    await dialog.waitFor({ timeout: 10_000 })
-    await dialog.getByRole('button', { name: '编辑路径' }).click()
-    await dialog.getByLabel('编辑路径').fill(path)
-    await dialog.getByLabel('编辑路径').press('Enter')
-    await dialog.getByRole('button', { name: '打开' }).click()
+    await dialog.getByRole('button', { name: 'Edit path' }).click()
+    await dialog.getByLabel('Edit path').fill(path)
+    await dialog.getByLabel('Edit path').press('Enter')
+    await dialog.getByRole('button', { name: 'Open' }).click()
    await dialog.waitFor({ state: 'hidden', timeout: 10_000 })
    await expect.poll(
      () => scaffold.ctx.workspace.resolveByPath(path),
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ describe('web e2e: workspace management (create / rename / flat view / hover car
    await writeFile(join(sessionCwd, 'b.txt'), 'beta\n')
    await seedSession(scaffold, await readFile(SEED, 'utf8'), SEED_ID)
    browser = await chromium.launch()
-    page = await browser.newPage({ viewport: { width: 1680, height: 1000 } })
+    page = await newEnglishPage(browser)
    tripwire = watchConsole(page)
    await page.goto(scaffold.baseUrl, { waitUntil: 'load' })
    await page.waitForSelector('[class*="frame"]', { timeout: 30_000 })
@@ -363,15 +363,15 @@ describe('web e2e: workspace management (create / rename / flat view / hover car
    try {
      await page.getByRole('button', { name: 'Create workspace' }).click()
      await page.getByRole('menuitem', { name: 'Open local folder…' }).click()
-      const dialog = page.getByRole('dialog', { name: '选择工作区目录' })
+      const dialog = page.getByRole('dialog', { name: 'Select Workspace Directory' })
      await dialog.waitFor({ timeout: 10_000 })
-      await dialog.getByRole('button', { name: '编辑路径' }).click()
-      await dialog.getByLabel('编辑路径').fill(staged)
-      await dialog.getByLabel('编辑路径').press('Enter')
+      await dialog.getByRole('button', { name: 'Edit path' }).click()
+      await dialog.getByLabel('Edit path').fill(staged)
+      await dialog.getByLabel('Edit path').press('Enter')
      await expect.poll(() => dialog.getByText('alpha', { exact: true }).count(), { timeout: 10_000 }).toBe(1)
      const snapshot = await captureStableAria(page, '[role="dialog"]', scaffold.workspaceCwd)
      await compareOrRefreshGolden(BROWSER_EXPECTED, snapshot, MODE)
-      await dialog.getByRole('button', { name: '取消' }).click()
+      await dialog.getByRole('button', { name: 'Cancel' }).click()
      await dialog.waitFor({ state: 'hidden', timeout: 10_000 })
    } finally {
      if (realHome === undefined) delete process.env.HOME
@@ -406,7 +406,7 @@ describe('web e2e: workspace management (create / rename / flat view / hover car
    // card; no aria role — text anchors are the stable selector).
    await expect.poll(() => page.getByText('Idle', { exact: true }).count(), { timeout: 5_000 }).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(1)
    // Leaving the anchor closes it with no delay.
-    await page.getByRole('button', { name: '设置' }).hover()
+    await page.getByRole('button', { name: 'Settings' }).hover()
    await expect.poll(() => page.getByText('Idle', { exact: true }).count(), { timeout: 5_000 }).toBe(0)
    expect(tripwire.pageErrors).toEqual([])
  }, 60_000)