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# Core Data Structures
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English | [中文](core.zh.md)
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This folder catalogs the **data structures** of the DeepSeek Harness — what each core type represents, its literal shape, and where the full detail lives. It complements [architecture.md](../architecture.md), which describes *behavior* (the service map, the session/turn/step lifecycle, the event taxonomy); this page describes the *vocabulary* that behavior moves around.
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## What counts as "core"
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@@ -163,6 +165,8 @@ Adapters emit a raw **chunk** protocol; the loop logs the chunks (replay fidelit
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The full union, the adapter contract (usage-before-finish, raw-JSON tool arguments, the two sanctioned error paths), and `BlockAssembler` live on **[llm-streaming.md](llm-streaming.md)**.
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<a id="the-model-request-and-result"></a>
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## The model request
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One model call is a fully-assembled `GenerateOptions`. The adapter answers with a raw `StreamChunk` stream; the consumer assembles it with `BlockAssembler` (see [llm-streaming.md](llm-streaming.md)).
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@@ -359,7 +363,7 @@ Source: [`packages/core/session/src/types.ts`](../../packages/core/session/src/t
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*
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* The {@link sourceEventSeqs} and {@link surfaceOp} fields are conditional:
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* they only exist on {@link SurfaceEventType} variants (`user/message`,
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* `assistant/message`, `tool/result`, `context/message`, `steering/message`).
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* `assistant/message`, `tool/result`, `steering/message`).
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* Non-surface events (boundary markers, chunks, usage, errors) never carry
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* surface metadata — the compiler enforces this at `Session.append()`
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* call sites.
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@@ -387,7 +391,7 @@ type SessionEvent<T extends SessionEventType = SessionEventType> = {
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}[T]
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```
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The fourteen event variants (`turn/start`, `turn/end`, `step/start`, `step/end`, `user/message`, `prompt/blocked`, `context/message`, `assistant/chunk`, `assistant/message`, `tool/call`, `tool/result`, `steering/message`, `todo/write`, `request/header`), the `deriveMessages()` projection rules, the `TurnTrigger`/`TurnEndReason` reasons, and the turn-enclosure invariant are on **[session.md](session.md)**. How the log is made durable — the `SessionPersistence` seam, JSONL/SQLite backends, the `session/flush` checkpoint, crash recovery, and `SessionHeader` — is on **[persistence.md](persistence.md)**.
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The thirteen event variants (`turn/start`, `turn/end`, `step/start`, `step/end`, `user/message`, `prompt/blocked`, `assistant/chunk`, `assistant/message`, `tool/call`, `tool/result`, `steering/message`, `todo/write`, `request/header`), the `deriveMessages()` projection rules, the `TurnTrigger`/`TurnEndReason` reasons, and the turn-enclosure invariant are on **[session.md](session.md)**. How the log is made durable — the `SessionPersistence` seam, JSONL/SQLite backends, the `session/flush` checkpoint, crash recovery, and `SessionHeader` — is on **[persistence.md](persistence.md)**.
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## The agent handle
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@@ -397,8 +401,9 @@ Source: [`packages/core/agent/src/types.ts`](../../packages/core/agent/src/types
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```ts type-equiv
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/**
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* Message options. An omitted source attests direct human input as `{ kind: 'user' }`
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* and may authorize policy consumers, so non-human producers must label their content.
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* Options for {@link Agent.followup}, {@link Agent.queue}, and {@link Agent.steer}.
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* An omitted source attests direct human input as `{ kind: 'user' }` and may
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* authorize policy consumers, so non-human producers must label their content.
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*/
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interface SendOptions {
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source?: MessageSource
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@@ -408,19 +413,90 @@ interface SendOptions {
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* records them directly at its next checkpoint.
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*/
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contexts?: HookContext[]
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/** Opaque JSON state retained on the durable message but hidden from the model. */
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meta?: JsonValue
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}
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```
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`InjectOptions` accepts ordinary message attribution and durable model-hidden JSON metadata. Attached contexts belong only to queued or steering input, so synthetic injection cannot accept them:
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```ts type-equiv
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/** Options specific to durable synthetic context injection. */
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interface InjectOptions extends Omit<SendOptions, 'contexts'> {
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/** Opaque JSON state retained in the session event but hidden from the model. */
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interface InjectOptions {
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/** Defaults to `{ kind: 'plugin', plugin: '' }`; non-human producers should identify themselves. */
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source?: MessageSource
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/** Opaque JSON state retained on the durable message but hidden from the model. */
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meta?: JsonValue
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}
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```
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The advanced acceptance form makes every default explicit and rules out attached contexts on injection:
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```ts type-equiv
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/**
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* Fully specified input for {@link Agent.send}. Unlike the intent-named
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* helpers, this form applies no defaults: callers provide content, source,
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* contexts, metadata (including explicit `undefined`), target, and wakeup.
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* The union excludes attached contexts from non-waking next-step injection.
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*/
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type ResolvedAgentInput = {
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content: ContentBlock[]
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source: MessageSource
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meta: JsonValue | undefined
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} & (
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| { target: 'next-turn'; wakeup: boolean; contexts: HookContext[] }
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| { target: 'next-step'; wakeup: true; contexts: HookContext[] }
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| { target: 'next-step'; wakeup: false; contexts: [] }
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)
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```
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FIFO delivery methods return an opaque `AgentMessageId`, stable across that message's `agent/inbox/*` events. Injection returns an id but bypasses those events:
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```ts type-equiv
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/**
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* Opaque id assigned to one accepted agent input. FIFO inputs carry the same id
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* on their `agent/inbox/*` events; injection bypasses those events.
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*/
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type AgentMessageId = Branded<'AgentMessageId'>
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```
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The `agent/inbox/*` live events carry one accepted message; injection bypasses the FIFOs and never appears on them:
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```ts type-equiv
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/**
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* One accepted FIFO message, carried by the `agent/inbox/*` live events. `id`
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* is the value returned by the accepting helper or {@link Agent.send},
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* stable across this message's enqueue, dequeue, and discard events. Source
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* defaults, when applicable, are already applied, so these are the exact values
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* the item was accepted with.
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* `steering` is true for an item drained between steps; otherwise it is claimed
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* at a turn boundary. `SendOptions.meta` is intentionally omitted: it is durable
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* model-hidden state that lands on the eventual `user/message`/
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* `steering/message`, not live-event routing data.
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*/
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interface AgentMessage {
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/** The id returned by the accepting helper or {@link Agent.send}. */
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id: AgentMessageId
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content: ContentBlock[]
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source: MessageSource
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contexts: HookContext[]
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/** Whether the item joined the steering FIFO rather than the queued FIFO. */
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steering: boolean
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/** Whether the item wakes the driver or requests another step. */
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wakeup: boolean
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}
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```
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```ts type-equiv
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/** Options for {@link Agent.cancel}. */
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interface CancelOptions {
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/**
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* Preserve queued and steering inbox items instead of discarding them. The
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* active turn is still aborted, but un-started and pending work survives for a
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* later turn and no `agent/inbox/discard` fires.
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*/
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keepInbox?: boolean
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}
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```
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```ts type-equiv
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/** Stable runtime cause accepted by {@link Agent.cancel}. */
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type AgentCancelCause =
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@@ -428,65 +504,103 @@ type AgentCancelCause =
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| { readonly kind: 'parent' }
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```
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The structural `Agent` interface exposes four intent helpers plus the fully resolved acceptance method. The concrete driver implements the matrix once, and each helper supplies its fixed routing and defaults.
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```ts type-equiv
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/** Public agent handle; its concrete implementation is internal to `@deepseek-ai/dsh-agent-loop`. */
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interface Agent {
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/** The single identity shared with {@link session}. */
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readonly id: SessionId
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/** The provider route and model this agent's requests use. */
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readonly options: AgentOptions
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/** The live session this agent drives; its log is the durable source of truth. */
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readonly session: Session
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/** The current lifecycle state, mirrored on every `agent/status` transition. */
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readonly status: AgentStatus
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/** Agent-scoped context; its contributions are agent-local, unwind on disposal, and reject registration afterward. */
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readonly ctx: Context
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/**
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* Queue one detached, frozen lossless-JSON item. If claimed, it is the sole
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* ordinary message in its FIFO-ordered turn; the next claimed item waits for
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* that turn's checkpoint.
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* Attached contexts share the same snapshot and ownership boundary. Invalid
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* input throws synchronously before notification or enqueue.
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* Queue an ordinary message as its own FIFO-ordered turn and wake the driver.
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* Content, resolved source, and attached contexts are detached, validated,
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* and frozen together; invalid input throws synchronously before notification
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* or enqueue.
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* @param content - the prompt content blocks.
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* @param options - source, attached contexts, and durable model-hidden meta.
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* @returns the accepted message's {@link AgentMessageId}, stable across its `agent/inbox/*` events.
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*/
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send(content: ContentBlock[], options?: SendOptions): void
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followup(content: ContentBlock[], options?: SendOptions): AgentMessageId
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/**
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* Submit steering while the agent is `running`. An open turn records it at
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* the next steering checkpoint before a request or continuation decision;
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* policy may stop before another step. After turn close and its checkpoint,
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* any remainder is queued for a later turn; terminal `agent/turn-stop`,
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* cancellation, or disposal may discard it. Uses the same synchronous
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* snapshot-and-validation boundary as {@link send}; when idle, delegates to it.
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* Queue an ordinary message without waking an idle driver. The item retains
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* FIFO order and is claimed only after another input wakes the driver. A lone
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* queued item leaves `whenIdle()` resolved.
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* @param content - the prompt content blocks.
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* @param options - source, attached contexts, and durable model-hidden meta.
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* @returns the accepted message's {@link AgentMessageId}, stable across its `agent/inbox/*` events.
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*/
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steer(content: ContentBlock[], options?: SendOptions): void
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queue(content: ContentBlock[], options?: SendOptions): AgentMessageId
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/**
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* Submit steering into the running turn and request another step. An open turn
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* records it at the next steering checkpoint before a request or continuation
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* decision; policy may stop before another step. After turn close and its
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* checkpoint, any remainder is queued for a later turn; terminal
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* `agent/turn-stop`, cancellation, or disposal may discard it. Idle steering
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* becomes a waking ordinary turn.
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* @param content - the steering content blocks.
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* @param options - source, attached contexts, and durable model-hidden meta.
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* @returns the accepted message's {@link AgentMessageId}, stable across its `agent/inbox/*` events.
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*/
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steer(content: ContentBlock[], options?: SendOptions): AgentMessageId
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/**
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* Append detached model-facing context without running the model. An open-turn
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* injection joins at the current log position unless the current tool batch is
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* executing; then it waits FIFO until that batch settles and drains before turn
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* close even when interrupted. Idle injection uses a one-shot turn and durability
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* checkpoint. Disposal awaits idle checkpoints; flush failures report through `agent/error`.
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* executing; then it waits FIFO until that batch settles and drains before
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* turn close even when interrupted. Idle injection uses a one-shot turn and
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* durability checkpoint. Disposal awaits idle checkpoints; flush failures
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* report through `agent/error`. An omitted source defaults to
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* `{ kind: 'plugin', plugin: '' }`.
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* @param content - the injected context content blocks.
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* @param options - source and durable model-hidden meta.
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* @returns the accepted injection's {@link AgentMessageId}; injection emits no `agent/inbox/*` events.
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*/
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inject(content: ContentBlock[], options?: InjectOptions): void
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inject(content: ContentBlock[], options?: InjectOptions): AgentMessageId
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/**
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* Clear all queued and steering work, including items waiting to start, and
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* abort the active turn. An effective call first emits
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* `agent/cancel-requested` with the resolved typed cause. The first cause wins
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* for the active turn, and `whenIdle()` resolves after cancellation reaches
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* quiescence. Omission means `{ kind: 'user' }`. Idle cancellation is a no-op
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* and does not arm later work. The active turn snapshots and freezes the cause.
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* @param cause - the stable caller intent carried by the current turn signal.
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* Accept one fully specified input through the same snapshot and routing path
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* as the four intent-named helpers. `next-turn` targets the ordinary FIFO;
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* `next-step`/wakeup targets steering (falling back to an ordinary waking turn
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* while idle); and `next-step` without wakeup injects durable context without
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* running the model. Every field is mandatory and no source or routing default
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* is applied. Invalid input throws synchronously before notification, enqueue,
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* or append.
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* @param input - the resolved content, attribution, context, metadata, and routing facts.
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* @returns the accepted input's {@link AgentMessageId}, carried by FIFO lifecycle events when applicable.
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*/
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cancel(cause?: AgentCancelCause): void
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send(input: ResolvedAgentInput): AgentMessageId
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/**
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* Clear queued and steering work — unless `keepInbox` — and abort the active
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* turn. An effective call first emits `agent/cancel-requested` with the
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* resolved typed cause. The first cause wins for the active turn, and
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* `whenIdle()` resolves after cancellation reaches quiescence. Omitted cause
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* means `{ kind: 'user' }`. Idle cancellation is a no-op and does not arm
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* later work. The active turn snapshots and freezes the cause.
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* @param cause - the stable caller intent carried by the current turn signal.
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* @param options - cancellation options; `keepInbox` preserves pending work.
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*/
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cancel(cause?: AgentCancelCause, options?: CancelOptions): void
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/** Resolve at idle quiescence; disposal waits for driver exit rather than only the status transition. */
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whenIdle(): Promise<void>
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}
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```
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`AgentStatus` is `'idle' | 'running' | 'disposed'`, and `SessionId` is branded. `running` describes the driver-wide drain interval, which can span turn close, its durability checkpoint, and consecutive queued turns; it does not prove a turn is still open. `AgentOptions` is merge-extensible: core declares `provider?` and `model?` (dispatch requires both after `agent/request`). Persona belongs to `dsh-system-prompt`: an agent-scoped `deployment:persona` may shadow the global default.
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The cause is a TypeScript-enforced same-process input. An active holder copies its discriminant into the runtime-only `AbortSignal.reason`; it is retired before `turn/end` publication. `agentInterruptReasonOf(signal)` recognizes `user`, `parent`, and lifecycle-only `disposed` without consulting ambient initiator state. Durable `turn/end` retains the coarse `{ kind: 'aborted' }` outcome; request provenance would require a separate durable event rather than overloading the terminal result.
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The cause is a TypeScript-enforced same-process input. An active `TurnCancellation` holder copies its discriminant into the runtime-only `AbortSignal.reason` and is retired before `turn/end` publication; the frozen `AbortSignal.reason` remains readable after that retirement. `agentInterruptReasonOf(signal)` recognizes `user`, `parent`, and lifecycle-only `disposed` without consulting ambient initiator state. Durable `turn/end` retains the coarse `{ kind: 'aborted' }` outcome; request provenance would require a separate durable event rather than overloading the terminal result.
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The [event taxonomy](../architecture.md#event) owns the `agent/*` lifecycle, checkpoint, and waterfall contracts. Turn and step boundaries are durable session events rather than agent emits.
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@@ -496,7 +610,7 @@ The process-local initiator carried by `ctx.agents` is the exact `Agent` above,
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## Interception decisions
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Each `agent/*` interception waterfall returns a small, seam-specific typed union — the unified Decision idiom (the tool seams' `PreToolDecision`/`PostToolDecision` in [tools.md](tools.md) follow the same shape). A CC/Codex hook bridge maps its `permissionDecision`/`decision`/`continue`/`additionalContext` fields onto these; a native plugin returns them directly. Prompt and post-tool decisions share one model-facing context shape, `HookContext`, which carries a REQUIRED `source` (a missing source would default to `{kind:'user'}` and mislabel plugin context as a user prompt). Its `content` reaches the model verbatim as user-role input, while JSON `meta` persists plugin state without exposing it to the model. Absent or `separate` placement becomes `context/message`; `prompt-prefix` placement is available to prompt and steering inbox attachments and bakes the context before the effective request in the same message. Both decisions carry `additionalContexts[]` so every entry preserves its own provenance, metadata, and placement. Continuation reasons are steering messages instead and deliberately use the narrower content/source shape.
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Each `agent/*` interception waterfall returns a small, seam-specific typed union — the unified Decision idiom (the tool seams' `PreToolDecision`/`PostToolDecision` in [tools.md](tools.md) follow the same shape). A CC/Codex hook bridge maps its `permissionDecision`/`decision`/`continue`/`additionalContext` fields onto these; a native plugin returns them directly. Prompt and post-tool decisions share one model-facing context shape, `HookContext`, which carries a REQUIRED `source` (a missing source would default to `{kind:'user'}` and mislabel plugin context as a user prompt). Its `content` reaches the model verbatim as user-role input, while JSON `meta` persists plugin state without exposing it to the model. Absent or `separate` placement becomes an injected `user/message` (plugin/goal source); `prompt-prefix` placement is available to prompt and steering inbox attachments and bakes the context before the effective request in the same message. Both decisions carry `additionalContexts[]` so every entry preserves its own provenance, metadata, and placement. Continuation reasons are steering messages instead and deliberately use the narrower content/source shape.
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Source: [`packages/core/agent/src/types.ts`](../../packages/core/agent/src/types.ts)
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@@ -506,8 +620,8 @@ interface HookContext {
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content: ContentBlock[]
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source: MessageSource
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/**
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* Model placement. Absent or `separate` records an independent
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* `context/message`; `prompt-prefix` prepends this context and a stable
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* Model placement. Absent or `separate` records an independent injected
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* `user/message`; `prompt-prefix` prepends this context and a stable
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* request delimiter to the same user-role message as its attached prompt.
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*/
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placement?: 'separate' | 'prompt-prefix'
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