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#	docs/architecture.md
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#	docs/rfc/README.md
#	packages/README.md
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# RFC: Filesystem capability seam — ctx.fs, local backend, and model-facing filesystem tools
Status: implemented
## Problem
The harness has a concrete `bash` capability seam (`dsh-bash` / `dsh-bash-local` / `dsh-tool-bash`), but filesystem operations are about to be added as model-facing tools without an equivalent seam. If `read`, `write`, and `edit` directly use `node:fs`, the model-facing tool package will own filesystem execution policy, local path resolution, atomic write behavior, text decoding, symlink behavior, and edit semantics all at once.
That couples three concerns that change independently:
1. The filesystem contract: what operations plugins can ask for.
2. The backend: local disk now, sandboxed/remote/project-scoped filesystem later.
3. The consumer surface: model-facing `read` / `write` / `edit` schemas and result formatting.
Without a `ctx.fs` interface, swapping local filesystem access for a sandboxed or remote backend would churn the tool schemas, demos, and prompt guidance even when the model-facing contract should stay stable. It also makes permission/sandbox boundaries harder to reason about: a `cwd` option can look like a sandbox even though it is only a base path unless an explicit backend or `tools/execute` policy enforces containment.
We need the filesystem tools to land in the same capability-seam shape as bash before they become a public package surface.
## Proposal
Introduce filesystem access as a first-class capability seam following [the capability-seam RFC](../../implemented/architecture/2026-06-13-capability-seams.md):
1. `@deepseek-ai/dsh-fs` (`packages/fs/fs`) owns the abstract `ctx.fs` service, the filesystem vocabulary types, and the `fs/*` policy event vocabulary.
2. `@deepseek-ai/dsh-fs-local` (`packages/fs/fs-local`) provides the first implementation, backed by the local filesystem.
3. `@deepseek-ai/dsh-tool-fs` (`packages/fs/tool-fs`) provides the model-facing `read`, `write`, and `edit` tools over `ctx.fs`, and is the executor that dispatches the `fs/*` events.
The consumer package depends only on the interface package, never on `dsh-fs-local`. A deployment that wants a different backend loads a different provider for `ctx.fs` without changing the tool schemas or model-facing prompt guidance.
The read-before-write/edit and observed-state policy is a fourth package, `@deepseek-ai/dsh-fs-policy` (`packages/fs/fs-policy`), contributed through the `fs/*` event gate rather than living on `ctx.fs`. This RFC established the three-package seam; the split of policy off the provider base class is decided by [the split-fs-seam RFC](../simplification/2026-06-26-fsspec-style-fs-seam.md), and its realization as an event-gate plugin (not a method service) by [the event-gate RFC](2026-06-26-file-context-as-event-gate.md). This document is updated to describe that landed four-package shape.
The first backend is deliberately local-only: `dsh-fs-local` implements `ctx.fs` against the host filesystem. Future sibling backends can provide sandboxed, remote, virtual, or project-scoped filesystems behind the same interface.
The first consumer is deliberately text-file-only: `dsh-tool-fs` exposes model-facing `read`, `write`, and `edit` tools for UTF-8 text files. Future consumers can add directory listing, search/glob, binary-safe operations, file watching, or higher-level project operations without changing the local backend package, as long as the needed capability exists on `ctx.fs`.
Filesystem permissions and sandboxing are not implied by this split. The local backend resolves relative paths from its configured base directory, but containment policy is a separate decision: either a stricter `ctx.fs` implementation enforces it, or a permission/sandbox plugin wraps `tools/execute` and vetoes calls before they reach the consumer.
Read-before-write/edit and observed-state are policy, contributed by the `dsh-fs-policy` plugin through the `fs/*` event gate — NOT stored on `ctx.fs`. The provider seam offers an optional version guard on its mutations (`writeText`/`editText` take an optional expectation); the policy plugin decides that guard by listening on `fs/write-intent`/`fs/edit-intent` and records observed versions on `fs/observed`. The executor (`dsh-tool-fs`) passes the current tool execution context as the opaque event actor; the policy plugin derives the observed-state owner from it, normally `exec.agent.session`. `dsh-fs` treats the actor as opaque and never reads it; `dsh-tool-fs` never reaches into the policy plugin. Authorization is version freshness: any read records the file's version, and a later write/edit is authorized as long as the file is unchanged. (This RFC first placed the observed-state store on `ctx.fs`; the split to `dsh-fs-policy` on the `fs/*` event gate is decided by [the split-fs-seam](../simplification/2026-06-26-fsspec-style-fs-seam.md) and [event-gate](2026-06-26-file-context-as-event-gate.md) RFCs.)
## Package topology
The filesystem seam uses the same dependency direction as the bash trio:
```text
@deepseek-ai/dsh-tool-fs --depends on--> @deepseek-ai/dsh-fs <--depends on-- @deepseek-ai/dsh-fs-local
consumer interface implementation
```
`@deepseek-ai/dsh-fs` depends only on `cordis` plus the repo-wide `HarnessError` base from `@deepseek-ai/dsh-llm`. It declares the `ctx.fs` key, the abstract `FileSystem` service, the vocabulary types shared by backends and consumers, the filesystem error vocabulary, and the `fs/*` policy event vocabulary. It carries no observed-state store and no owner-derivation shape; the events pass an opaque `object` actor that the provider never reads, and the `dsh-fs-policy` plugin owns the owner-derivation shape and the observed-state store on top of those events.
`@deepseek-ai/dsh-fs-local` depends on `@deepseek-ai/dsh-fs` and `cordis`. It subclasses `FileSystem`, registers itself as `ctx.fs`, owns local-backend configuration such as the base directory, and contains all direct `node:fs` / `node:path` access. It holds no observed-state store — freshness is a version token the backend mints and the policy plugin records.
`@deepseek-ai/dsh-tool-fs` depends on `@deepseek-ai/dsh-fs`, `@deepseek-ai/dsh-tools`, `@deepseek-ai/dsh-system-prompt`, and `cordis`. It registers model-facing tools and prompt sections. It must not import `node:fs`, `node:path`, or `@deepseek-ai/dsh-fs-local`; filesystem execution always goes through `ctx.fs`. If the implementation needs concrete agent or session helper types, those dependencies belong in `tool-fs`; they must not leak back into `dsh-fs`.
The root `tool-fs` plugin registers the full filesystem tool suite (`read`, `write`, and `edit`) by composing the per-tool registration helpers. It injects `fs` and never imports an implementation package.
## `ctx.fs` contract
`@deepseek-ai/dsh-fs` owns a semantic filesystem service. It is higher-level than `readFile` / `writeFile` so `tool-fs` does not reimplement path resolution, versioning, text decoding, binary rejection, pagination, atomic replacement, symlink behavior, or literal edit semantics.
The exact TypeScript signatures are implementation details for the PR, but the interface must cover four semantic operations:
- Resolve a model/plugin-supplied path into a backend-defined target.
- Read a bounded UTF-8 text page from a target.
- Create or replace a UTF-8 text file.
- Edit an existing UTF-8 text file by literal replacement.
The provider seam also carries the freshness hooks that policy builds on — but the observed-state store and owner derivation live in the `dsh-fs-policy` plugin, not on `ctx.fs`:
- The backend mints an opaque `version` token per target (in `stat` and in every read/mutation outcome).
- `writeText`/`editText` take an OPTIONAL version expectation: omit it for an unconditional bare-provider mutation, or supply it to guard the mutation inside the backend's atomic critical section.
- The `dsh-fs-policy` plugin decides that expectation on `fs/write-intent`/`fs/edit-intent` and records observed versions on `fs/observed`, keyed by an owner it derives from the opaque event actor (normally `exec.agent.session`).
Authorization is version freshness, not a full/partial view distinction: any read records the target's version, and a later write/edit is authorized as long as the file is still at that version — so a windowed read of lines 100-150 authorizes an edit of line 120. The observed-state store is a `WeakMap<owner, Map<targetKey, version>>` inside `dsh-fs-policy`; `dsh-fs` holds none of it and treats the actor as opaque. (This RFC first modeled a `FileState` cache with `full`/`partial` views on `ctx.fs`; the split-fs-seam and event-gate RFCs replaced that with the freshness-based policy plugin described here.)
Path resolution should be explicit and allowed to be async. Local resolution may only normalize a path, but sandboxed/remote/project-scoped backends may need I/O to resolve a user-supplied path into a stable target identity.
Resolved targets must expose at least three concepts:
- The original input path, for diagnostics.
- An opaque `targetKey`, used for stale guards and file-state lookup. The local backend might use a realpath-like key; a remote backend might use a workspace URI or file id. Consumers must not parse or assume this is a local absolute path.
- A `displayPath`, used for model/UI-facing output. It may be a local absolute path, workspace-relative path, or remote URI depending on the backend.
Read and mutation results must include an opaque file `version`. A local backend can use mtime/size or a hash-like token; a remote backend can use a revision id. `ctx.fs` records versions in its file-state store for stale checks; consumers may display related metadata but must not interpret the version token.
The provider hands back decoded text: `readText` returns a whole regular text file, `streamText` streams the same text semantics for large files. Both own regular-file checks, bounded line/output handling is NOT theirs — line windowing, numbered-line rendering, and total-line accounting live in the executor (`dsh-tool-fs`), which reads through `ctx.fs` and renders the model-facing window. The provider owns UTF-8 decoding and binary/NUL rejection; it does not know about line windows or views.
Observed-state recording is not on `ctx.fs`: after a successful read the executor emits `fs/observed`, and the `dsh-fs-policy` plugin records `{ version }` for the deriving owner. There is no `full`/`partial` view — a read at any window records the version, and freshness (not view completeness) authorizes a later write/edit.
Full-file writes create or replace UTF-8 text files. Backends may create parent directories when that behavior is supported and documented. Existing non-regular targets are rejected. `writeText` takes an optional expectation: `createIfAbsent` creates a missing target and rejects an existing one with `FS_NOT_OBSERVED` (the path the policy uses for an unobserved owner); `replaceIfVersion` replaces only when the target exists at the observed version, else `FS_STALE_VERSION`; omitting the expectation is the unconditional bare-provider create-or-overwrite. The policy plugin chooses which expectation to supply from the owner's observed state.
Literal edit is a provider primitive (`editText`), not composed in `tool-fs` from a read plus write. Literal matching, duplicate-match rejection, CRLF preservation, binary rejection, optional stale-version checking, and atomic read-modify-write must stay together inside the backend's mutation critical section. `editText` takes the same optional version expectation; the stale check runs before literal matching so an edit against an old read reports `FS_STALE_VERSION`. A remote backend may implement edit as a native compare-and-edit operation; the consumer should not force local-style composition.
The policy plugin, not `ctx.fs`, gates on prior observation: an `edit` requires a prior observation by the owner (else `FS_NOT_OBSERVED`), and the recorded version is passed to `editText` as the CAS basis. With the policy plugin absent, `ctx.fs` alone is a complete unconstrained seam (unconditional write/edit); the tool is never method-coupled to the policy.
Filesystem contract failures are thrown as `FsError extends HarnessError`, and the tool registry converts them into `isError` tool results with structured `{ name, code }` metadata. `dsh-fs` owns this vocabulary rather than each tool inventing messages. The codes are `FS_NOT_FOUND`, `FS_NOT_TEXT`, `FS_STALE_VERSION`, `FS_NOT_OBSERVED`, `FS_NOT_REGULAR_FILE`, `FS_AMBIGUOUS_EDIT`, `FS_EDIT_NOT_FOUND`, and `FS_ABORTED`. (An earlier draft included `FS_PARTIAL_OBSERVATION`; freshness-based authorization has no partial/full distinction, so it was dropped.)
## Tool consumer behavior
`@deepseek-ai/dsh-tool-fs` is the model-facing consumer. It owns tool names, JSON schemas, argument validation at the model boundary, prompt sections, and result formatting. It does not own filesystem execution.
The first tool suite contains:
- `read`: inspect a UTF-8 text file and return line-numbered content with pagination guidance.
- `write`: create or fully replace a UTF-8 text file.
- `edit`: update an existing UTF-8 text file by replacing literal text, requiring a unique match by default and allowing an explicit replace-all mode.
Each tool follows the same execution shape:
1. Validate and normalize model arguments.
2. Call the appropriate `ctx.fs` operation.
3. Format the result as `ContentBlock[]` for the model.
4. Let thrown backend/tool errors flow through `ToolRegistry.execute()`, which converts them into `isError` tool results.
The package registers prompt guidance through `ctx.systemPrompt.section(...)` and registers schemas through `ctx.tools.register(...)`. Tool schemas still flow into the normal prompt assembly path via `SystemPrompt.assemble()` and `ToolRegistry.schemas()`; no agent-loop changes are required.
The tool package must keep model-facing contracts stable when backends change. A local backend and a remote backend may resolve paths differently internally, but the `read` / `write` / `edit` schemas should not change solely because the backend changes.
The default deployment requires a prior `read` before updating an existing file with `write` or `edit`. `tool-fs` does not implement this by checking whether a tool named `read` ran: it dispatches the `fs/write-intent`/`fs/edit-intent` events (passing the execution context as the opaque actor), and the `dsh-fs-policy` plugin derives the owner, gates on prior observation, and supplies the version expectation. Any windowed read authorizes a later write/edit as long as the file is unchanged. Creating a new file with `write` does not require prior observation.
The root plugin registers the full suite by composing the per-tool registration helpers. It injects `fs`, `tools`, and `systemPrompt`.
## Migration plan
This RFC starts from `origin/master`, where no filesystem tool package exists yet. The landed implementation adds the new three-package topology directly:
1. Add `packages/fs/fs` with the `ctx.fs` abstract service and vocabulary types.
2. Add `packages/fs/fs-local` with the local backend implementation and backend-level tests.
3. Add `packages/fs/tool-fs` with the model-facing `read`, `write`, and `edit` tools over `ctx.fs`.
4. Update `docs/architecture.md`, `packages/README.md`, package READMEs, build/typecheck config, and aggregate maintenance scripts such as `scripts/publint-all.ts`.
This RFC's first landing kept the observed-state store behind `ctx.fs`. The split-fs-seam and event-gate RFCs then moved it into the standalone `@deepseek-ai/dsh-fs-policy` plugin on the `fs/*` event gate, which is the shipped shape; a deployment loading `dsh-tool-fs` also loads `dsh-fs-policy` to get read-before-write/edit.
Example leaf configs stay bash-only in this landing. Wiring `examples/coding-agent` or `examples/acp-agent` to `dsh-fs-local` + `dsh-tool-fs` changes the model prompt, visible tool schemas, and ACP snapshot transcript, so it should land as a follow-up UX/example change with prompt and snapshot updates in the same PR.
If this work is split into multiple PRs, they should follow the seam order:
1. Interface PR: `dsh-fs` only, with service registration and contract tests.
2. Implementation PR: `dsh-fs-local`, with real filesystem behavior tests.
3. Consumer PR: `dsh-tool-fs`, docs, and integration tests; example wiring follows in a separate prompt/snapshot PR.
The earlier combined package name `@deepseek-ai/dsh-fs-tools` should not become part of the new public surface.
## Tests
Tests should follow the package boundary, not only the user-visible tools.
`dsh-fs` tests cover the service seam itself: a provider registers `ctx.fs`, duplicate providers follow Cordis service behavior, disposal removes the service, and any shared contract helpers or type-level utilities behave as documented.
`dsh-fs-local` tests cover real filesystem behavior through the `ctx.fs` interface, not through model tools. They should include path resolution, absolute paths, `..` segments, symlinks inside and outside the configured base directory, reading small and large text files, streaming, binary-file rejection, invalid-UTF-8 rejection, abort handling, unconditional and version-guarded full-file writes, `createIfAbsent`/`replaceIfVersion` semantics, parent-directory creation, non-regular target rejection, literal edit success/failure, unique-match enforcement, replace-all behavior, line-ending preservation, stale-version rejection (guarded edit against an old version), and structured `FsError` codes. The observed-state/owner-derivation policy is NOT here — it lives in `dsh-fs-policy` and is tested there.
Beyond the happy/sad paths above, `dsh-fs-local` tests must cover the defensive-pattern classes this repo has been bitten by:
- **Atomic-write temp-file safety**, not just cleanup. The atomic replace must write its temp file into a private (`0700`) directory, with a random name and an exclusive owner-only (`'wx'`, `0o600`) open, mirroring the bash spill-file rules — predictable world-readable temp paths invite symlink races and disclosure. Assert the temp file's permissions and that a pre-existing temp path does not get clobbered, alongside the existing cleanup-on-failure path.
- **Implementation requirement:** `dsh-fs-local` write/edit use the same private-temp primitive: a random `0700` staging directory next to the target, an exclusive `0o600` temp file, cleanup on failure, and a final atomic rename. Do not move this RFC to `implemented/` if that primitive regresses or is deliberately revised.
- **`targetKey` identity through symlinks.** Two different input paths that resolve to the same realpath must share one file-state entry: a `read` via path A must satisfy the read-before-edit guard for an `edit` via symlink path B, and a stale write through one path must be detected through the other. This is the contract that makes the stale guard correct, so test it directly.
- **Concurrency / stale races.** The RFC names edit as race-prone (see Risks). Test that two concurrent write/edit operations against the same target settle deterministically: one succeeds and the other is rejected with `FS_STALE_VERSION` rather than silently overwriting, and that a successful edit refreshes recorded state so an immediately-following edit by the same owner proceeds.
- **HMR safety and disposal.** `dsh-fs-local` registers `ctx.fs` and owns the in-memory file-state store, so it needs its own HMR-safety test (register the backend on a fiber, dispose it, assert the `ctx.fs` provider is withdrawn and the file-state store is released — a later provider starts with no inherited state).
`dsh-tool-fs` tests cover the consumer surface against the real `dsh-fs-local` provider (mock only the model/clock, not the collaborator). They should verify tool schemas, argument validation, prompt-section registration, formatting of successful results, propagation of backend `FsError` codes into `isError` tool results through `ctx.tools.execute()`, that read/write/edit dispatch the `fs/*` events (passing the execution context as the actor), root-plugin suite registration, and HMR cleanup of both tool schemas and prompt sections.
Integration tests should load `dsh-fs-local` plus `dsh-tool-fs` (and, for the default deployment, `dsh-fs-policy`) and execute `read`, `write`, and `edit` through `ctx.tools.execute()` to prove the packages work together without bypassing the tool registry — including a bare-provider path (no `dsh-fs-policy`) where an unread edit/overwrite succeeds. They must verify the world, not the tool's self-report: after a `write`/`edit`, read the file back from disk and assert byte-identical content (and that untouched files are unchanged), rather than trusting the returned `ContentBlock[]`. Each integration/e2e test owns its resources — create the harness in the test, run against a per-test temporary directory, and dispose the harness and remove the directory in `afterEach` even on failure or timeout.
Repo gates for the implementation include the focused vitest suites, `pnpm run typecheck`, `pnpm run test:coverage` for runtime code, and build/publint coverage after adding package entrypoints.
## Risks
**`cwd` can be mistaken for a sandbox.** The local backend's base directory is a resolution default, not automatically a containment boundary. If containment is required, it must be enforced by the backend contract or by a permission/sandbox plugin on `tools/execute`.
**The interface can become too local.** Returning fields such as `absolutePath` from `ctx.fs` would make remote, sandboxed, or virtual backends awkward. The contract should expose display metadata without requiring consumers to understand host paths.
**The interface can become too thin.** If `ctx.fs` only mirrors `node:fs` primitives, `tool-fs` will reimplement binary detection, pagination, atomic writes, and edit semantics. That recreates the coupling this RFC is trying to avoid.
**Edit semantics are race-prone.** Literal edit is a read-modify-write operation. Without a stale-content guard or backend-level atomic edit primitive, concurrent edits can overwrite each other. The first implementation should document its guarantees clearly; stronger compare-and-swap semantics can be added later if needed.
**Observed state does not belong on `ctx.fs`.** Recording what an execution context has seen is workflow policy, not raw filesystem I/O. This RFC first placed it inside the filesystem seam; the split-fs-seam RFC then established that a sandboxed/remote backend should not inherit model-facing observation policy, and moved it into the `dsh-fs-policy` plugin. The provider seam keeps only what write/edit safety genuinely needs at the storage layer — a backend-minted version token and an optional version-guarded mutation — while the policy plugin owns owner derivation, observed-state, and read-before-edit gating over the `fs/*` events.
**The `resolve`-then-operate shape costs an extra round-trip per call.** Each tool may resolve a path to an `FsTarget` and then issue the read/write/edit as a separate `ctx.fs` call. For the local backend this is negligible (resolution is in-memory path normalization), but a remote/sandboxed backend may turn each step into its own request, so a single `read` can become two network round-trips. Backends where the round-trip matters can cache or fold resolution internally while preserving the observable contract.
**File-state persistence is deferred.** The first implementation can keep file state in memory. Resumed sessions should conservatively require files to be read again before write/edit tools accept updates until a future session-event or persistence mechanism makes file state replayable.
**Error codes become part of the seam.** `FsError` codes make stale-version and observation failures machine-routable through the existing structured error taxonomy. The cost is that `dsh-fs` imports the shared `HarnessError` base from `dsh-llm`; that dependency is intentional and should stay limited to the error vocabulary.
**Package churn is front-loaded.** The three-package split adds boilerplate before there is more than one backend. This is intentional: filesystem access is a likely sandbox/remote boundary, and changing the package surface after shipping model-facing tools would be more expensive.

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# RFC: Make `dsh-fs-policy` an event-gate plugin, not a method interface
Status: implemented
## Problem
[The split-fs-seam RFC](../simplification/2026-06-26-fsspec-style-fs-seam.md) put `ctx.fileContext` between the model-facing tools and the `ctx.fs` provider: `dsh-tool-fs` injects `fileContext` and routes every `read`/`write`/`edit` through its methods. That makes `fileContext` **in-path and mandatory**. The tool cannot reach `ctx.fs` without it, the policy layer owns the fs I/O and the read windowing, and a deployment that does not want observed-state policy cannot simply drop the package — `dsh-tool-fs` would fail to resolve `ctx.fileContext`.
This couples three things that should be separable:
1. **What the tool does** — resolve a path, read a window, write/edit a file. This is the tool's job and needs only `ctx.fs`.
2. **The freshness/observation policy** — "edit requires a prior read", "write/edit must be based on the version you read". This is the `dsh-fs-policy` plugin's job.
3. **The recording of observed state** — a side effect that should never block the tool from functioning.
Because the tool calls `fileContext` methods, removing the policy layer is a breaking change rather than a graceful loss of an *add-on*. The policy is load-bearing for the tool to even run, not an opt-in tightening.
## Decision
Invert the control flow. **`dsh-tool-fs` becomes the executor and calls `ctx.fs` directly**; **`dsh-fs-policy` becomes a gate + recorder plugin** that participates through events, never through a method the tool calls and never by registering a `ctx.fileContext` service.
```text
tool dsh-tool-fs executor: resolves, reads windows, writes/edits via ctx.fs;
emits fs policy events; renders results
policy dsh-fs-policy plugin: listens to fs/write-intent +
fs/edit-intent (single-slot waterfall) and fs/observed
(emit) events; adds observed-state + freshness.
provider seam dsh-fs ctx.fs: text IO + ATOMIC mutation primitives whose version
guard is OPTIONAL; owns the fs policy event vocabulary
provider dsh-fs-local local implementation of ctx.fs
```
The model is **additive, not subtractive**: `ctx.fs` on its own is a complete, unconstrained text-storage seam — `read` reads, `write` unconditionally creates-or-overwrites, `edit` unconditionally replaces literal text in the current content. There is no "先读后写", no version check, nothing to remove; the bare provider just does the I/O atomically. `dsh-fs-policy` is a plugin that *adds* constraints on top: observed-state, read-before-edit, and "write/edit must be based on the version you read". So removing `dsh-fs-policy` does not break `dsh-tool-fs` at the service-injection boundary; it removes the policy gate and leaves the bare provider behavior. The intended deployment stance is that a config loading the fs tools also loads `dsh-fs-policy`, so the user-facing behavior and prompt discipline are read-before-write/edit (the `coding-agent` and `acp-agent` demos wire the full stack). The bare-provider mode exists because the tool should not be method-coupled to the policy plugin, not because an unconstrained filesystem is the normal product stance.
`dsh-tool-fs` no longer injects `fileContext`. It injects `fs` and `tools`/`systemPrompt`.
## The policy is enforced by provider CAS, not by `dsh-fs-policy` stat
`dsh-fs-policy` enforces "you must write/edit based on the version you read" **without ever calling `stat` or comparing versions itself**. It supplies the observed version as the CAS basis and lets the provider's mutation critical section detect staleness:
- "Have you read this file?" is the one thing `dsh-fs-policy` decides locally — a `WeakMap` lookup, no I/O. No record ⇒ `FS_NOT_OBSERVED`.
- "Is the version you read still current?" is decided **inside `ctx.fs.editText`/`writeText`**, in the same atomic lock that performs the read-match-rename. `dsh-fs-policy` passes `vObserved` as the expectation; the provider raises `FS_STALE_VERSION` if the file has moved on.
This is deliberate. If `dsh-fs-policy` stat-ed and compared versions in its waterfall handler, there would be a TOCTOU gap between that check and the tool's actual write — the file could change in between, so the check would be a false guarantee that the provider's lock has to back up anyway. Putting the version check in the provider's critical section is both race-free and zero extra `stat`. So `dsh-fs-policy` does **no** filesystem I/O; the "must be based on the latest read" guarantee is *realized* by CAS, and `dsh-fs-policy` only chooses the basis (`vObserved`) and gates on prior observation.
## Provider contract change: the version guard is optional
For the bare provider to be unconstrained, the version guard on its two mutations becomes **optional** — present ⇒ guarded, absent ⇒ unconditional:
```ts ignore-check
// writeText: expected is now optional. The FsWriteIntent union is UNCHANGED.
writeText(target: FsTarget, content: string, expected?: FsWriteIntent, signal?: AbortSignal): Promise<FsWriteOutcome>
// undefined → unconditionally create-or-overwrite (bare default)
// createIfAbsent → create only, reject an existing file (dsh-fs-policy, unobserved) [unchanged]
// replaceIfVersion → overwrite only at the observed version, else FS_STALE_VERSION [unchanged]
// editText: expected becomes optional (was the required { version: FsVersion }).
editText(target: FsTarget, edit: FsEditRequest, expected?: { version: FsVersion }, signal?: AbortSignal): Promise<FsEditOutcome>
// undefined → unconditionally replace literal text in the current content (bare default);
// a missing target still reports FS_STALE_VERSION
// { version } → edit only at that version, else FS_STALE_VERSION (the current behavior)
```
The `FsWriteIntent` union itself does not change — the third "unconditional" state is expressed by *omitting* `expected`, so both mutations share one symmetric shape (`expected?`: omit = no guard, present = guarded). This keeps full backward compatibility for the guarded paths `dsh-fs-policy` uses; only the previously-impossible "no guard" case is new, and it is the bare-provider default. The mutation still runs inside the backend's per-target lock either way, so an unconditional write/edit is still atomic (no torn files); "unconditional" drops the *version* precondition, not the atomicity. `editText` reports a missing target as `FS_STALE_VERSION` on both guarded and unguarded paths, preserving one edit failure code for "the target cannot be edited at this moment".
## Event vocabulary (owned by `dsh-fs`)
The events live in `@deepseek-ai/dsh-fs`, not in `dsh-fs-policy`. This is forced by the decoupling contract: `dsh-tool-fs` is the emitter, so it must reference the event types, and it must keep compiling even though `dsh-fs-policy` no longer provides a method service. `dsh-fs` is the package both `dsh-tool-fs` and `dsh-fs-policy` already depend on, so it is the only home that lets the emitter and the policy listener share a vocabulary without the emitter depending on the policy plugin.
These events carry existing `dsh-fs` vocabulary (`FsTarget`, `FsVersion`, `FsWriteIntent`) plus an opaque actor — not model-facing concepts (no line windows, numbered lines, or rendered footers leak down).
**The two `fs/*` decision events are single-slot decision points, NOT a composable interception chain.** A waterfall listener that does not call `next()` short-circuits the rest of the chain (verified in [vendor/cordis/src/events.ts](../../../../vendor/cordis/src/events.ts) — `waterfall` runs listeners around the final `next` thunk, and a listener that returns without calling `next()` reaches neither later listeners nor the tool's default thunk). `dsh-fs-policy` fully decides the write/edit expectation and does not call `next()`, so it occupies that one decision slot in the default deployment. This is deliberate: "what version basis does this mutation guard against" is a single decision, not an accumulation. The names (`fs/write-intent`, `fs/edit-intent`) say "produce the value", not "authorize", so they do not imply a stackable authorization chain. Genuinely composable interception (permission, audit, sandbox) belongs on the existing `tools/execute` waterfall, which every tool call already flows through — not on this fs version-decision slot.
**The occupant is decided by registration order — first-registered (or `prepend`ed) wins.** cordis dispatches waterfall listeners in registration order (`push`, or `unshift` for `prepend` — [vendor/cordis/src/events.ts](../../../../vendor/cordis/src/events.ts)), and the first non-`next()` decider short-circuits the rest. So the slot is **first-wins**, and `dsh-fs-policy` owning it rests on the default deployment convention: it is the decider registered for these events. The event shape does NOT itself guarantee "an unread edit is rejected" — a plugin that registers a looser `fs/edit-intent` decider BEFORE `dsh-fs-policy` (or with `prepend`) would decide first and bypass the `FS_NOT_OBSERVED` gate. That is the inherent property of a first-wins single slot, stated here so it is not mistaken for an enforced invariant. This RFC does not add a multi-policy composition mechanism; the implementation requirement is that `dsh-tool-fs` dispatches these waterfalls on every write/edit path and that a config wiring the fs tools loads `dsh-fs-policy` as the policy decider.
The actor is typed `object` in `dsh-fs` — a pure opaque carrier the provider seam never reads or narrows. The owner-derivation (`actor.agent?.session`) and the `{ agent?: { session? } }` structural shape stay entirely inside `dsh-fs-policy`, which narrows the `object` actor to that shape in its listeners. `dsh-fs` owns the event names and the fs vocabulary; it does NOT own the policy layer's runtime owner structure.
```ts
import type { FsTarget, FsVersion, FsWriteIntent } from '@deepseek-ai/dsh-fs'
interface Events {
/**
* Single-slot decision: produce the write expectation for the next
* ctx.fs.writeText. The default returns undefined (unconditional create-or-
* overwrite — the bare provider). The policy listener returns createIfAbsent
* (unobserved) or { kind: 'replaceIfVersion', version: vObserved } (observed).
* The listener does NOT call next(): one decision, not a composable chain. @mode waterfall
*/
'fs/write-intent'(target: FsTarget, actor: object | undefined, next: () => FsWriteIntent | undefined | Promise<FsWriteIntent | undefined>): Promise<FsWriteIntent | undefined>
/**
* Single-slot decision: produce the optional version guard for the next
* ctx.fs.editText. The default returns undefined (unconditional edit of the
* current content — the bare provider; no stat). The policy listener returns
* { version: vObserved }, or throws FS_NOT_OBSERVED if the actor is unset or
* has not observed the target. Does NOT call next(): one decision. @mode waterfall
*/
'fs/edit-intent'(target: FsTarget, actor: object | undefined, next: () => { version: FsVersion } | undefined | Promise<{ version: FsVersion } | undefined>): Promise<{ version: FsVersion } | undefined>
/**
* Record that an actor observed a target at a version, after a successful
* read/write/edit. Fire-and-forget (plain emit). Listeners MUST be
* synchronous, side-effect-only recorders (`dsh-fs-policy`'s is a WeakMap
* write); the tool does not guard the emit, so a throwing listener surfaces as
* the tool's isError result. No listener ⇒ nothing recorded.
* @mode emit
*/
'fs/observed'(target: FsTarget, version: FsVersion, actor: object | undefined): void
}
```
The `fs/*` decision events are **unbound waterfalls dispatched by the tool** (like `agent/request`, which the loop dispatches with no `this`), not service-bound waterfalls (like `llm/stream`). The dispatcher is the `dsh-tool-fs` plugin, which is not a service.
## Tool contract (`dsh-tool-fs`)
The tool keeps its model-facing schemas (`read`/`write`/`edit`, byte-for-byte unchanged) and prompt sections. The prompt guidance stays policy-first because a deployment loading the fs tools is expected to also load `dsh-fs-policy`: the model is still told to read before overwriting or editing, and any wording that says the "backend" requires that should be corrected to say the fs-policy plugin requires it. The bare-provider fallback does not change the prompt stance.
`dsh-tool-fs` gains the executor responsibilities relocated from the old `fileContext` method service, including **read rendering** (`read-render.ts`: `buildWindow` + `formatReadOutput`, `READ_MAX_BYTES`, `READ_MAX_LINE_LENGTH`, `FileReadOutcome`/`FileTextLine`, plus `STREAM_MIN_SIZE` in `read.ts`), which is the tool's rendering detail now that the tool owns the read. Those read-rendering types and helpers move into `dsh-tool-fs`; the policy plugin must not remain a type dependency for the tool.
`dsh-tool-fs` is a single root plugin that registers all three tools (`read`/`write`/`edit`), mirroring `dsh-tool-bash`. It injects `fs` (plus `tools`/`systemPrompt`), never `fileContext`. (The original proposal also exposed each tool as a `/read`/`/write`/`/edit` subpath plugin for focused deployments; that was dropped on implementation — no consumer needed a single-tool deployment, and the subpath publishing forced bespoke `tsdown`/`tsconfig`/`files`/workspace-constraint handling no sibling tool package carries. The per-tool registration helpers (`applyReadTool`/`applyWriteTool`/`applyEditTool`) remain internal modules the root plugin composes.)
`stat` budget is minimized by letting the waterfall produce the expectation lazily — the bare default returns `undefined` (no guard) and never stats:
- **read** — one `stat` (type + size routing + version), then `readText`/`streamText`, then `buildWindow`, then an `emit('fs/observed', target, info.version, exec)`. The post-read confirming `stat` from the old `fileContext.read` is dropped; a writer racing between the routing stat and the read can at worst make a *later* guarded edit spuriously `FS_STALE_VERSION` (fail-closed: the model re-reads, never writes against the wrong version, since `editText` re-checks in its lock).
- **write** — `expectation = await ctx.waterfall('fs/write-intent', target, exec, () => undefined)`, then `ctx.fs.writeText(target, content, expectation)`, then an `emit('fs/observed', target, outcome.version, exec)`. **Zero stat in the tool** with or without `dsh-fs-policy`.
- **edit** — `expectation = await ctx.waterfall('fs/edit-intent', target, exec, () => undefined)`, then `ctx.fs.editText(target, edit, expectation)`, then an `emit('fs/observed', target, outcome.version, exec)`. **Zero stat in the tool** in both cases: the bare default is `undefined` (unconditional edit), so the tool never stats to manufacture a basis. If the target is absent, the provider reports `FS_STALE_VERSION` even on the unguarded path.
The tool passes `exec` (the tool-execution context) as the `actor` argument on every dispatch, so `dsh-fs-policy` can derive its observed-state owner. The tool does not know whether the policy plugin is present: it always provides the bare default behavior in the `next` thunk, and `dsh-fs-policy` short-circuits the thunk before it runs in the default deployment.
**`fs/observed` fires AFTER the mutation already succeeded**, via a plain `ctx.emit`. The event contract is intentionally narrow: an `fs/observed` listener MUST be synchronous and side-effect-only — `dsh-fs-policy`'s listener is a `WeakMap.set`, which cannot throw under normal operation and returns no promise. The tool does not guard the emit, so a listener that violates the contract by throwing would surface as the tool's `isError` result ([tools/index.ts](../../../../packages/core/tools/src/index.ts) — `ToolRegistry.execute` catches a tool throw into an error result) — reporting failure for a write/edit that actually happened. That is the price of keeping the event a plain fire-and-forget recorder: cordis `emit` does not await listener promises, so async or fallible audit/telemetry/listener work does not belong on this event. If layered or async observation is ever wanted, that is a new event with its own dispatch story.
## Policy plugin contract (`dsh-fs-policy`)
`dsh-fs-policy` is a plugin, not a service. It does not register `ctx.fileContext`, has no public method surface, and exposes no `read`/`write`/`edit`/`resolve` methods. It attaches three listeners via `ctx.on()` registrations (each returning a disposer for HMR). It keeps the observed-state `WeakMap<owner, Map<targetKey, { version }>>` and the structural owner derivation (narrowing the event's opaque `object` actor to its own `{ agent?: { session? } }` shape), but does not inject `fs` — every handler operates only on its own `WeakMap`, never on `ctx.fs`.
- `fs/write-intent` listener: `prior = getObserved(owner, key)`; return `prior ? { kind: 'replaceIfVersion', version: prior.version } : { kind: 'createIfAbsent' }`. It does NOT call `next()`: it fully owns the single decision slot.
- `fs/edit-intent` listener: `prior = getObserved(owner, key)`; if no `owner` or no `prior`, throw `FS_NOT_OBSERVED`; else return `{ version: prior.version }`. Also does not call `next()`.
- `fs/observed` listener: `record(owner, key, version)`.
An observed-state entry is the **prior-observation record**: a successful `read`, `write`, OR `edit` all emit `fs/observed` and record `{ version }`, so the entry's presence means "this owner has observed this target at this version", not narrowly "has read it". This is what lets a create-then-edit or edit-then-edit sequence work without an intervening re-read: the mutation refreshes the recorded version to its own result, so the next edit's basis is the version it just produced. `FS_NOT_OBSERVED` rejects only an edit with NO prior observation of any kind. The owner is derived structurally from `{ agent?: { session? } }`; disposal drops all state (HMR safety).
`dsh-fs-policy` is now a pure policy/recording plugin with no service surface — it influences the world only through the event seam. That is what removes the method coupling from `dsh-tool-fs`.
## Bare-provider behavior (no `dsh-fs-policy`)
This is not the intended deployment stance — a config loading the fs tools is expected to also load `dsh-fs-policy`. It is the unconstrained provider floor that exists once the tool is no longer coupled to a policy method service. With `dsh-fs-policy` absent, every `fs/*` waterfall falls through to its `undefined` default and `fs/observed` has no listener:
- **read** is identical (it never needed policy; it only emits a now-unheard `fs/observed`).
- **write** unconditionally creates-or-overwrites: `expected` is `undefined`, so `writeText` writes whether or not the file exists and whatever its current version. No read-first requirement, no version check.
- **edit** unconditionally replaces literal text in the file's current content: `expected` is `undefined`, so `editText` matches and rewrites without a version guard or a read-first requirement (`FS_EDIT_NOT_FOUND`/`FS_AMBIGUOUS_EDIT` still apply — those are about the literal match, not freshness). A missing target still reports `FS_STALE_VERSION`, matching the guarded edit path's "cannot edit this target now" code.
Both mutations are still atomic (the backend's per-target lock is unconditional). What is simply *absent*, not lost, is the policy `dsh-fs-policy` would add: observed-state, read-before-edit, and version-guarded write/edit. Loading `dsh-fs-policy` layers those constraints on by having its listeners return guarded `expected` values instead of `undefined`; nothing in the bare provider changes.
## Supersedes
This amends — does not reverse — [the split-fs-seam RFC](../simplification/2026-06-26-fsspec-style-fs-seam.md). The four-layer split, the provider contract, and the freshness *policy* are all kept. What changes is the **coupling between the tool and the policy layer**: a mandatory method service became a plugin-owned event gate, and the fs I/O + read windowing moved from `fileContext` up into `dsh-tool-fs`. The split-fs-seam RFC's description of `dsh-tool-fs` injecting `fileContext` and of `fileContext` owning `read`/`write`/`edit` was updated to match in the same change.
## Acceptance Criteria
- The `dsh-tool-fs` root plugin injects `fs` (+ `tools`/`systemPrompt`), not `fileContext`; it calls `ctx.fs` directly and dispatches the `fs/write-intent`/`fs/edit-intent` waterfalls (passing `exec` as the actor) and the `fs/observed` emit. Read rendering lives in `dsh-tool-fs`. (No subpath plugins — see the Tool contract above.)
- `dsh-fs` declares the three events with `@mode` tags and an opaque `object` actor argument (no agent/session structure leaks into the provider vocabulary); the generated cordis catalog is regenerated.
- `dsh-fs-policy` is a plugin, not a service: it does not register `ctx.fileContext`, has no public `read`/`write`/`edit`/`resolve` methods, and does not inject `fs`; it registers the three listeners, keeps observed-state, and has HMR/disposal coverage (dispose the fiber, assert the gate no longer rewrites).
- **Bare-provider test**: a config WITHOUT `dsh-fs-policy` boots the `dsh-tool-fs` root plugin, and `read`/`write`(create AND overwrite)/`edit` work against the real `dsh-fs-local`; an `edit` of an unread existing file and an overwrite of an existing unread file both succeed (unconditional bare-provider behavior), proving the tool carries no `fileContext` dependency. A bare-provider edit of a missing target reports `FS_STALE_VERSION`. With `dsh-fs-policy` present, the same unread `edit` is rejected `FS_NOT_OBSERVED` and the same unread overwrite uses `createIfAbsent` (rejected on an existing file).
- **Single-slot semantics**: a test registers a second `fs/edit-intent` listener AFTER `dsh-fs-policy` and asserts it is NOT reached (first-wins short-circuit), and documents in a comment that a decider registered before/`prepend`ed would instead win — the slot is first-wins by convention, not an enforced invariant.
- **Fire-and-forget recording**: `fs/observed` is emitted via a plain `ctx.emit` after the mutation succeeds; a listener is contractually synchronous and side-effect-only, so the tool does not guard it.
- `dsh-fs` `writeText`/`editText` make `expected` optional (omit ⇒ unconditional); the `FsWriteIntent` union is unchanged, and `dsh-fs-policy`'s guarded paths (`createIfAbsent`/`replaceIfVersion`/`{ version }`) behave exactly as today. A bare-provider test exercises an unconditional overwrite, an unconditional edit, and a missing-target edit reporting `FS_STALE_VERSION`.
- Freshness is enforced by provider CAS when guarded: an edit after a stale read reports `FS_STALE_VERSION` (regression test); `dsh-fs-policy` performs no `stat`.
- `stat` budget: read = 1, write = 0, edit = 0 — in the tool, with or without `dsh-fs-policy` (the bare default returns `undefined`, never stats). A test asserts neither write nor edit stats in the tool on either path.
- Model-facing schemas stay byte-for-byte unchanged; snapshot transcript goldens are unaffected (or the diff is reviewed and re-recorded with justification).
- Docs/artifacts updated in the same change: `docs/architecture.md`, fs package READMEs, `docs/core-data-structures/filesystem.md`, the split-fs-seam RFC's now-amended description, type-equiv blocks + manifest, cordis catalog, module graph. Gates green: `doc-sync`, `knip`, `test:coverage` (100% per-file).
## Risks
- **Event indirection over a method call.** A waterfall + emit is less direct than `await ctx.fileContext.edit(...)`. The payoff is removing the tool-to-policy method dependency while keeping the default policy plugin; the cost is one more event vocabulary to learn. Mitigated by keeping the three events narrow and documenting the default-thunk semantics on each.
- **Policy events in the storage seam.** `dsh-fs` gains two version-decision events plus a recording event though it is "just storage". This is the price of decoupling (the emitter cannot depend on the policy plugin). The events carry only `dsh-fs` vocabulary plus an opaque `object` actor and no model-facing concepts, so the seam stays free of line-window/observation policy types and of the agent/session owner structure.
- **Single policy occupant, first-wins by convention.** The `fs/write-intent`/`fs/edit-intent` slots hold exactly one decider; the first-registered (or `prepend`ed) listener wins and the rest are short-circuited. `dsh-fs-policy` owning the slot is a deployment convention, not an event-enforced invariant — a second decider registered first would bypass it. This is acceptable because a second fs-version-policy decider is a misconfiguration, not a feature. If a future need for *layered* fs version policy appears, it is a new RFC (a composable value-passing seam), not a silent second listener on these events. Layered permission/audit/sandbox interception already has its home on `tools/execute`.
- **Dropping the post-read confirming stat** makes a follow-up *guarded* edit occasionally fail-closed (`FS_STALE_VERSION` → re-read) under a read/write race. This is a UX nicety lost, never a correctness hole; the provider lock still prevents wrong-version writes.
- **The bare provider does no read-before-write/edit and no version check.** A deployment without `dsh-fs-policy` lets the model overwrite or edit any existing file unconditionally. This is the deliberate meaning of keeping the tool independent of a policy service: the safety disciplines live in the `dsh-fs-policy` plugin. A deployment that omits it is opting into an unconstrained filesystem on purpose; that is not the intended stance for a config that ships the fs tools.

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# RFC: Resolve filesystem paths against the caller's session cwd
Status: implemented
## Problem
The ACP bridge gives every session its own workspace: `session/new` records the editor's project directory as `SessionHeader.cwd`, and `dsh-tool-bash` defaults each bash call's `workdir` to the calling agent's `session.header.cwd` (see [the per-session cwd RFC work in `packages/ui/acp`](../../../../packages/ui/acp) and `resolveWorkdir` in `dsh-tool-bash`). So a bash command in session A runs in A's project, and in session B runs in B's — one server process, N workspaces.
The filesystem tools did NOT honor this. `ctx.fs.resolve(path)` took no caller context, and `dsh-fs-local` resolved every relative path against a single `config.cwd` fixed at plugin load (`process.cwd()`). In the ACP demo that means `write foo.txt` and `bash cat foo.txt` resolve `foo.txt` against **different** directories — the fs tools against the server's launch dir, bash against the session's project dir. The two tools disagree about what "the current directory" is, which is a correctness bug the moment an editor opens any project other than the server's launch dir. It only appeared to work in the snapshot harness because that harness launches the child process in the same temp dir it passes as the session cwd, so the two coincide.
## Decision
Thread the caller's session cwd into path resolution, exactly as `dsh-tool-bash` already does for `workdir`. The **caller** (the tool) supplies the cwd; the provider does not read a session or agent.
- `FileSystem.resolve` widens to `resolve(path: string, opts?: { cwd?: string }): Promise<FsTarget>`. `opts.cwd` is the base a RELATIVE `path` resolves against; an absolute `path` ignores it; omitting `opts.cwd` uses the backend's own default. An options object (not a positional `cwd?`) leaves room for future resolution hints without another signature change.
- `dsh-fs-local.resolve` uses `resolveLocalTarget(opts?.cwd ?? this.config.cwd, path)`. `config.cwd` stays the default for a caller that supplies none (non-ACP / no-session use, and the single-session stdio demo where `process.cwd()` IS the workspace).
- `dsh-tool-fs`'s `read`/`write`/`edit` derive the session cwd through a shared `sessionCwd(exec)` helper (`exec.agent?.session.header.cwd`, mirroring bash's `resolveWorkdir`) and pass it to `resolve`. A non-agent / headerless caller yields `undefined`, so the backend applies its default.
## Why the caller supplies the cwd (not the provider)
The provider seam must not depend on `dsh-agent` / `dsh-session` — it is a text-storage backend that a sandboxed or remote implementation also satisfies, and those have no notion of an "agent session". The tool already receives the `ToolExecution` (`exec`), which carries the agent, so the tool is the right place to project `exec → cwd` and hand the provider a plain string. This is the "explicit > implicit at package seams" convention: the base directory arrives as an explicit argument the provider acts on, not smuggled in by having the provider reach into a session it should not know about. It also matches `dsh-tool-bash` one-to-one, so the two model-facing file surfaces resolve paths identically.
The default lives in ONE place — the provider's `config.cwd`. `sessionCwd` returns `undefined` rather than `process.cwd()` when there is no session, so the tool never manufactures a base the provider would otherwise choose.
## Consequences
- In the ACP demo the fs tools and bash now agree on each session's workspace; an editor can open any project folder and both tool families act on it.
- No change to `FsTarget` identity: `targetKey` is still the realpath of the resolved absolute path, so observed-state keying and symlink identity are unaffected — a correct per-session cwd produces the same key bash targets.
- Backward compatible: every existing `resolve(path)` call (all in tests) keeps working; the new argument is optional.
- The single-session stdio demo is unaffected: it supplies no session cwd (its agent's session has no `cwd`), so resolution falls back to `config.cwd = process.cwd()`, which is the workspace.